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Where to buy flange You can go to the website: www.wilsonpipeline.com to buy flange. wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com) offers a wide range of flanges, pipe flanges, tube flanges,based on guaranteed quality. Common production as world standards include ASA/ANSI (USA), PN/DIN/EN (European), BS10 (British/Australian), BS4504 (British/Australian) and JIS (Japanese). wilsonpipeline’s flanges are made by forging or casting according to clients’ request. Further, the industrial flanges in each standard are pided into pressure classes, allowing flanges to be capable of taking different pressure ratings. These pressure classes also have differing pressure and temperature ratings for different materials. wilsonpipeline’s flange faces are also made to standardized dimensions and are typically flat face (FF), raised face (RF) or ring joint (RJT) styles.  Flange designs are available as weld neck flange (WN), slip-on flange (SO), lap joint flange (LJ), socket weld flange (SO), threaded / screwed flange (TH), blind flange (BL), plate flange (PL), orifice flange, orifice plate, spectacle blind, spectacle flange, blind spacer and also blank. A flange is a method of connecting pipes, valves, pumps and other equipment to form a piping system. It also provides easy access for cleaning, inspection or modification. Flanges are usually welded or screwed. Flanged joints are made by bolting together two flanges with a gasket between them to provide a seal. Materials for Flanges Pipe flanges are manufactured in all the different materials like stainless steel, cast iron, aluminium, brass, bronze, plastic etc. but the most used material is forged carbon steel and have machined surfaces. In addition, flanges, like fittings and pipes, for specific purposes sometimes internally equipped with layers of materials of a completely different quality as the flanges themselves, which are “lined flanges”. The material of a flange, is basically set during the choice of the pipe, in most cases, a flange is of the same material as the pipe. All flanges, discussed on this website fall under the ASME en ASTM standards, unless otherwise indicated. ASME B16.5 describes dimensions, dimensional tolerances etc. and ASTM the different material qualities. Dimensions of Flanges Each flange according to ASME B16.5 has a number of standard dimensions. If a draftsman in Japan or a work preparer in Canada or a pipefitter in Australia is speaking about a Welding Neck flange NPS 6, Class 150, Schedule 40 ASME B16.5, then it goes over the flange which in the image here below is shown. If the flange is ordered, the supplier want to know the material quality. For example ASTM A105 is a forged carbon steel flange, while A182 is a forged stainless steel flange. Measure the size of a flange At some point, with all the possibilities of thread form, diameter, and pitch, you need to send it off to SK Grimes or another machinist. You could buy the thread pitch gauges and comparator and thread micrometer (to measure minor diameter) to fully define the thread, but that still won’t help you to find a ring. Pressure Classes of Flanges The concept of flange ratings likes clearly. A Class 300 flange can handle more pressure than a Class 150 flange, because a Class 300 flange are constructed with more metal and can withstand more pressure. However, there are a number of factors that can impact the pressure capability of a flange. The Pressure Class or Rating for flanges will be given in pounds. Different names are used to indicate a Pressure Class. Flange Forging Process Understanding customers requirement and ensuring to supply as per these requirements is realised with the help of quality assurance at Sunny Steel one of the best Flange Manufacturers in China , our product range include all types of flanges such as MS Flange ( Mild Steel ) , Raised face flange , Weld neck flange, Bellow Flange , and Flanges according to custom requirement. In addition, we also can produce the DIN flange, and the forgings according to the customers drawings, for example, rings and shafts. Types of Flanges The most used flange types in Petro and chemical industry are: Welding Neck Flange Slip On Flange Socket Weld Flange Lap Joint Flange Threaded Flange Blind Flange Special Flanges Except the most used standard flanges, there are still a number of special flanges such as: Orifice Flanges Long Welding Neck Flanges Weldoflange / Nipoflange Expander Flange Reducing Flange Stainless Steel Flanges We Offer Stainless Steel Parts Stainless Steel machined parts turned Parts Cast Parts Stainless Steel Forged Parts Stainless Steel Fittings SS Stainless Steel Fitting Stainless Steel Fittings Stainless Steel Components facility up to 40 kg’s in weight and Stainless Steel castings up to 1meter in length. Forged Flange, Forged steel flanges Forged flange is defined as a plate type device, normally round, that is attached to the end of a pipe, fitting, valve or other object to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of a piping system. Forged steel flanges made of carbon steel or stainless steel, the materials conform to the JIS, ASTM A182,A105, DIN17100 ST-2 and BS standard. Blind Flange The blind flange is used to close ends of piping systems. It is a kind of round plate with no center hold but with all the proper bolt holes. This flange helps in easy access to a line once it has been sealed. The blind flange is sometimes custom made or machined to accept a nominal sized pipe to which reduction is being made. This reduction can be a threaded reduction or welded reduction. Figure-8 Blanks A figure-8 blank (also called a Spectacle Blind Flange) is a pressure-retaining plate with one solid end and one open end connected with a web or tie bar. A spectacle flange is a specialty flange made of two metal discs attached in the middle by a small section of steel. Spectable flanges get their name because they look like a pair of reading glasses, or spectacles. Spectacle flanges, also known as spectacle blind flanges, are most commonly used on piping systems that need to be separated regularly or where the flow through the systems is regularly stopped. One end of the spectacle flange is solid, while the other end has a hole in the center. The spectacle flange can be rotated to place either the solid or hollow end within the pipe system, thereby opening or closing the flow. Lap Joint Flange The lap joint flange is practically identical to a slip-on flange except it has a radius at the intersection of the bore and flange face. This radius is necessary to have the flange accommodate a lap joint stub end. Normally, a lap joint flange and a lap joint stub end are mated together is an assembly system. Orifice Flanges Orifice flanges are used instead of the standard pipe flanges when orifice plate or flow nozzle is used. The basic purpose for this is to measuring the flow rate of either gases or liquids in the respective pipeline. These flanges are used in various industrial applications and are available in various sizes and materials. Reducing Flanges A reducing flange consists of a flange with one specified diameter having a bore of a different and smaller, diameter. Except for the bore and hub dimensions, the flange will have dimensions of the larger pipe size. Designed for use in changing diameters in a piping system. A reducing flange consists of a flange with one specified diameter having a bore of a different and smaller, diameter RTJ Flanges, Ring Type Joint Flange Ring Type Joint Flange is a method of ensuring leak proof flange connection at high pressures. A metal ring is compressed into a hexagonal groove on the face of the flange to make the seal. This jointing method can be employed on Weld Neck, Slip-on and Blind Flange. Socket Welding Flanges, SW Flange The socket welding flange is similar to a slip-on flange except it has a bore and a counterbore dimension. The counterbore is slightly larger than the O.D. of the matching pipe, allowing the pipe to be inserted into the flange similar to a slip-on flange. Slip On Flange, SO Flange The Slip on flange has a low hub because the pipe slips into the flange prior to welding. It is welded both inside and out to provide suffcient strength and prevent leakage.Slip-on flanges are all bored slightly larger than the O.D. of the pipe. Threaded Flanges, TH Flanges Threaded (Screwed) flange is similar to the Slip-On flange, but the bore is threaded. Its chief merit is that it can be assembled withour welding, explaining its use in low pressure services at ordinary atmospheric temperatures, and in highly explosive areas where welding create a hazard. Welding Neck Flanges The Welding neck flanges is normally referred to as the high hub flange. It is designed to transfer stresses to the pipe, thereby reducing high stress concentrations at the base of the flange. The welding neck flange is the best designed butt-welded flange of those currently available becuase of its inherent structural value. It is expensive because of the design. Long Weld Neck Flanges Tube OD sizes: 3/8 to 2 inches Materials: Flange: 304 or 316L stainless steel O-rings: Viton, Buna, & silicone Fasteners: Wingnut, SureSeal, bulkhead & EVAC clamps Vacuum range Elastomer seal: >=1 x 10^-8 Torr – High vacuum EVAC metal seal: >=1 x 10^-11 Torr – UHV Temperature range Viton: -20°C to 200°C Silicone: -50°C to 230°C Buna: -30°C to 110°C EVAC metal seal: -270°C to 150°C Applications of flanges Flanges are integral parts of many engineering and plumbing projects. In many applications, engineers need to find a way to close off a chamber or cylinder in a very secure fashion, usually because the substance inside must differ from the substance outside in composition or pressure. Below are our available industrial pipe flanges that will meet your project needs.

Pipe cap (pipe end cap) is the pipe fittings designed to be the ends of a piping. it is used to block off the end of a piping system by placing the cap over the open pipe. What is the use of pipe cap? Pipe cap (pipe end cap) is usually used for protecting the end of pipe and other fittings, so the shape is disigned according to the shape of pipe line. We also use caps to cut off the transition and the connection treat can be butt weld,socket weld and thread conection according to use requirements. It is commonly made from the one steel plate, so it should be seamless . The pipe end caps are available in various shapes, like the hemispherical, oval, round etc. Pipe caps are widely well-known for the utmost output and outstanding results that it gives. Pipe Cap manufactured using superior grade raw materials. Pipe Cap are used for connecting pipes of different diameters and find wide applications in various chemicals, construction industries, paper, cement & ship builders. Standard GB,HG,ASME,ANSI,API,EN,BS,DIN,JIS,KS,GOST,AS. Pipe cap size Based on different materials, pipe caps include carbon steel cap, stainless steel cap, and alloy steel cap etc. Depending on their construction, pipe caps contain threaded cap, tapered cap and anti-roll cap etc. Seamless steel pipe cap: 1/2″-24″ DN15-DN600 Schedule/ Wall Thinkness sch5s,sch10s,sch10, sch20, sch30, std, sch40, sch60, xs, sch80, sch100, sch120, sch140, sch160, xxs, SGP Thickness: 2mm-80mm Materials of Pipe cap (pipe end cap) Carbon steel: ASTM/ASME A234 WPB-WPC Alloy steel: ASTM/ASME A234 WP 1-WP 12-WP 11-WP 22-WP 5-WP 91-WP 911 Stainless steel: ASTM/ASME A403 WP 304-304L-304H-304LN-304N ASTM/ASME A403 WP 316-316L-316H-316LN-316N-316Ti ASTM/ASME A403 WP 321-321H ASTM/ASME A403 WP 347-347H Low temperature steel: ASTM/ASME A402 WPL 3-WPL 6 High performance steel: ASTM/ASME A860 WPHY 42-46-52-60-65-70 Dimensions Pipe cap (pipe end cap)(pipe end cap) Pipe capNominal Diameter(pipe end cap) Pipe cap Outside Diameter at Bevel(pipe end cap) Pipe cap Back to EndDNNPSSeries ASeries BETE1 151/2 21.3 18 254.5725 203/4 26.9 25 253.8125 251 33.7 32 384.5738 321.1/4 42.4 38 384.8338 401.1/2 48.3 45 385.0838 502 60.3 57 385.5944 652.1/2 76.1(73) 76 387.1151 803 88.9 89 517.6264 903.1/2 101.6 – 648.1376 1004 114.3 108 648.6476 1255 139.7 133 769.6589 1506 168.3 159 8910.92102 2008 219.1 219 10212.70127 25010 273.0 273 12712.70152 30012 323.9 325 15212.70178 35014 355.6 377 16512.70191 40016 406.4 426 17812.70203 45018 457.2 478 20312.70229 50020 508.0 529 22912.70254 55022 559 – 25412.70254 60024 610 630 26712.70305 65026 660 –267–– 70028 711 720267　–– 75030 762 –267　–– 80032 813 820267–– 85034 864 –267–– 90036 914 920267–– 95038 965 –305–– 100040 1016 1020305–– 105042 1067 –305–– 110044 1118 1120343–– 115046 1168 –343–– 120048 1220 1220343–– PS:  When T is less the dimension in parentheses, the height E is available. Otherwise E1 is available. Wall Thickness: sch10, sch20, sch30, std, sch40, sch60, xs, sch80, sch100, sch120, sch140, sch160, xxs, sch5s, sch20s, sch40s, sch80s  Max. wall thickness: 200mm

Oil and natural gas are the main driving force and chemical raw materials. International Power Agency (IEA) estimates: in order to meet the market demand, by 2030, the global oil and gas industry to invest about 200000000000 U.S. dollars a year, 80% of the investment in the middle east outside of the region. In oil and gas exploration, drilling, transportation, refining and long interval sent to users of the whole process is inseparable from the stainless steel seamless pipe and oil and gas drilling is the professional’s biggest user of stainless steel seamless pipe. Most of the cost of oil casing, ordinary take yield strength is 400 ~ 800MPa carbon steel and low-alloy steel manufacturing. And on of the erosion of the chloride ions and acidic gas (CO2, C02+H2S) (CL) oil, gas well, it needs to take resistant corrupt stainless steels and to nickel base alloy used for do oil casing and walks tube, which is stainless steel in the development of oil and gas has the widespread application prospect in the category. Such as oil and gas in the process of CO2 of the corrupt performance, in twentieth Century 50 years has been rendered, come to take part in the preservative method to ease the. However there has been a slow corrosion agent consequences of instability, the high temperature consequences worse; to have purification and life cycle the money so elementary, a series of problems. Along with the oil and gas capital dries up, on previously discarded with corrosion in oil and gas wells need from the new stop mining, especially since the oil crisis of the 70s of last century the early beginning, followed by the onshore oil and gas (44% of global oil and gas reserves), the one-sided development, CO2 corrosion performance is more outstanding become the focus of the study of decay prevention for nearly 20 years in the oil and gas development. Until twentieth Century 80 years, especially in the opening of the Beihai oilfield, to take a dual phase stainless steel was completely processed for the temporary storage The C02 corrosion of oil, gas wells in the safety of consumer scores. However, due to the high price of dual phase steel, the use of restricted. The beginning of the United States and Europe developed alternative dual phase steel data to stop research. The first is to start in Europe to stop using the super martensitic steel S13Cr instead of dual phase steel. But a small amount of stop extensive and in-depth application research and constitute a genuine industrialized mass consumption to occupy the market is not Europe and the United States developed countries, but excel in Japan. Japan’s seamless stainless steel pipe consumption factory in twentieth Century from the early 80 years beginning, all have their own characteristics of the series opened. In the early stage of industrial consumption, the production was limited by the extrusion machine consumption. Sumitomo Metal and Kawasaki Steel and skills related to achievement in the last century 80 ~ 90 years concentrated effort on the rolling pipe mill (small diameter) and active rolling pipe mill (large and medium caliber) pipe consumption C13Cr stop the research and reform of secondary equipment stopped responding. In recent years, the Japanese C13Cr based chromium stainless steel seamless pipe production increased significantly, accounting for half of the world’s stainless steel pipe market. After 20 years of sustained development tasks, and finally achieved a reward.

Stainless steel pipe is one of the more standardized materials in the building and engineering industries. The thickness of the pipe walls, diameter of the pipe and even the chemical composition are all written as part of the American National Standards Institute standards, which is just one of multiple standards available. Wall Thickness Stainless steel pipe categorized by the American National Standards Institute uses the term schedule in reference to the pipe’s wall thickness. Despite this standardization, the wall thickness is not the same for every diameter of pipe. Instead, the schedule refers to the general strength of the pipe. Therefore, a schedule 40S stainless pipe has a wall thickness of approximately 1.73mm for a pipe with outside diameter of 10.3mm but increases to 9.53mm for a pipe of the same schedule but 323.9mm in diameter. There are four general schedules for stainless pipe; 5S, 10S, 40S and 80S. Diameter Within each schedule of pipe there are multiple diameters of stainless steel pipe standardized by ANSI. These diameters range from 10.3mm (or .405 inches) to 323.9mm (or 12.75 inches). It is important to note that some diameters are not available in every schedule. For instance, the smallest diameters are not available in schedule 5S and many diameters are very difficult to find in some schedules, or very expensive if they are available. Materials Though ANSI standardizes stainless steel pipe, there are multiple formulas of stainless steel available. The two primary steels used in the manufacture of stainless steel pipe are ANSI 304 stainless steel and ANSI 316. Both steels have similar chemistry and differ only slightly in the amount of chromium in the steel. Stainless Steel Pipe Chart American National Standards Institute – ANSINPSODSchedule DesignationsWall ThicknessInside DiameterWeight(Inches)(ANSI/ASME)(Inches)(Inches)(lbs./ft.)1/80.40510/10S0.0490.3070.1863Std./40/40S0.0680.2690.2447XS/80/80S0.0950.2150.31451/40.5410/10S0.0650.410.3297Std./40/40S0.0880.3640.4248XS/80/80S0.1190.3020.53513/80.67510/10S0.0650.5450.4235Std./40/40S0.0910.4930.5676XS/80/80S0.1260.4230.73881/20.845/5S0.0650.710.538310/10S0.0830.6740.671Std./40/40S0.1190.6220.851XS/80/80S0.1470.5461.0881600.1880.4661.309XX0.2940.2521.7143/41.055/5S0.0650.920.683810/10S0.0830.8840.8572Std./40/40S0.1130.8241.131XS/80/80S0.1540.7421.4741600.2190.6181.944XX0.3080.4342.44111.3155/5S0.0651.1850.867810/10S0.1091.0971.404Std./40/40S0.1331.0491.679XS/80/80S0.1790.9572.1721600.250.8152.844XX0.3580.5993.6591 1/41.665/5S0.0651.531.10710/10S0.1091.4421.806Std./40/40S0.141.382.273XS/80/80S0.1911.2782.9971600.251.163.765XX0.3820.8965.2141 1/21.95/5S0.0651.771.27410/10S0.1091.6822.085Std./40/40S0.1451.612.718XS/80/80S0.21.53.6311600.2811.3384.859XX0.41.16.40822.3755/5S0.0652.2451.60410/10S0.1092.1572.638Std./40/40S0.1542.0673.653XS/80/80S0.2181.9395.0221600.3441.6897.462XX0.4361.5039.0292 1/22.8755/5S0.0832.7092.47510/10S0.122.6353.531Std./40/40S0.2032.4695.793XS/80/80S0.2762.3237.6611600.3752.12510.01XX0.5521.77113.6933.55/5S0.0833.3343.02910/10S0.123.264.332Std./40/40S0.2163.0687.576XS/80/80S0.32.910.251600.4382.62414.32XX0.62.318.583 1/245/5S0.0833.8343.47210/10S0.123.764.973Std./40/40S0.2263.5489.109XS/80/80S0.3183.36412.5XX0.6362.72822.8544.55/5S0.0834.3343.91510/10S0.124.265.613Std./40/40S0.2374.02610.79XS/80/80S0.3373.82614.981200.4383.624191600.5313.43822.51XX0.6743.15227.544 1/25Std./40/40S0.2474.50612.53XS/80/80S0.3554.2917.61XX0.713.5832.4355.5635/5S0.1095.3456.34910/10S0.1345.2957.77Std./40/40S0.2585.04714.62XS/80/80S0.3754.81320.781200.54.56327.041600.6254.31332.96XX0.754.06338.5566.6255/5S0.1096.4077.58510/10S0.1346.3579.289Std./40/40S0.286.06518.97XS/80/80S0.4325.76128.571200.5625.49136.391600.7195.18945.35XX0.8644.89753.1677.625Std./40/40S0.3017.02323.57XS/80/80S0.56.62538.05XX0.8755.87563.0888.6255S0.1098.4079.91410/10S0.1488.32913.4200.258.12522.36300.2778.07124.7Std./40/40S0.3227.98128.55600.4067.81335.64XS/80/80S0.57.62543.391000.5947.43950.951200.7197.18960.711400.8127.00167.76XX0.8756.87572.421600.9066.81374.69

Stainless steel pipe is one of the more standardized materials in the building and engineering industries. Specification:OD:Ф6-Ф630mm thickness:0.5-40mm Standards:ASTM Standards: ASTM A312, ASTM A213, ASTM A269, ASTM A376European Standards: DIN 17456, DIN 17458, EN 10216, EN 10297Japanese Standards: JIS G 3459, JIS GS3463, GS3467, JIS G3448Russian Standards: GOST 9940, GOST 9941 Grades:ASTM Standards: 304/L/H, 316/L/H, 321/H, 317/L, 347/H, 310S, 2205, 2507, 904L, etc.European Standards: 1.4301, 1.4307, 1.4307, 1.4401, 1.4404, 1.4541, 1.4550, 1.4438, 1.4845, etc.Japanese Standards: SUS304, SUS304H, SUS304L, SUS309S, SUS310S, SUS316, SUS316L, SUS317, SUS317L, SUS321, SUS347Russian Standards: 08X18B10, 03X18H11, 08X17H12M2T, 03X17H12M2, 08X17H15M3T, 03X16H15M3, 08X18H10T, 12X18H20T, 08X18H12B, 10X17H13M2T Type Grade of steel Specification Common GB ASTM JAPAN Germany DIN17006 DIN17007 D-SMM Standare Stainless steel seamless pipe 0Cr18Ni9 304/S30400 SUS304 X5CrNi18-10 1.4301 Ф6-350mm 0.5-28mm GB/14975-2002 00Cr19Ni10 304L/S30403 SUS304L X2CrNi19-11 1.4306 GB/T14976-2002 00Cr25Ni20 310S/31008 SUS310S X12CrNi25-21 1.4845 GB13296-910Cr17Ni12Mw2316/S31603SUS316X5CrNiMo17-12-21.4401 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 316L/S31603 SUS316L X2CrNiMo18-14-3 1.4435 ASTM A312/A213M 0Cr19Ni13Mo3 317/S31700 SUS317 X5CrNiMo11-13-3 1.4449 ASTM A312/A312M 00Cr19Ni13Mo3 317L/S31703 SUS317L X2CrNiMo18-16-4 1.4438 JIS G3459 1Cr18NI9ti 321/S32100 SUS321 X12CrNiti18-9 1.4878 DIN2462 0Cr18Ni10ti X6CrNiti18-10 1.4541 0Cr18Ni11Nb 347/S34700 SUS347 X12CrNiNb18-10 1.4550 Stainless steel welded pipe 0Cr18Ni9 304/S30400 SUS304 5CrNi18-10 1.4301 Ф19-1000mm 1-20mm GB/T12770-91 0Cr19Ni10 304L/S30403 SUS304L X2CrNi19-11 1.4306 GB/T12771-200 0Cr25Ni20 310S/31008 SUS310S X12CrNi25-21 1.4845 HG20537.2-92 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 316/S31603 SUS316 X5CrNiMo17-12-2 1.4401 HG20537.3-92 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 316L/S31603 SUS316L X2CrNiMo18-14-3 1.4435 HG20537.4-92 0Cr19Ni13Mo3 317/S31700 SUS317 X5CrNiMo11-13-3 1.4449 00Cr19Ni13Mo3 317L/31703 SUS317L X2CrNiMo18-16-4 1.4438 ASTM A312/A312M 1Cr18Ni9ti 321/S32100 SUS321 X12CrNiti18-9 1.4878 ASTM A688/A688M 0Cr18Ni10ti X6CrNiti18-10 1.4541 JIS G3468 0Cr18Ni11Nb 347/S34700 SUS347 X12CrNiNb18-10 1.4550 DIN2462

Introduction to Hot Forming Hot bend forming process is using special elbow push processing machine, mold and a heating device, so that the set of billet in the mold on the forward movement in the push for machine, process in motion is heated, expansion and bending. Deformation characteristics of hot pushed elbow is according to the law of metal materials of constant volume before and after deformation of tube diameter, the tube diameter is smaller than the diameter of the elbow, the deformation process of core control blank, the metal flow in arc compressed, compensation for expanding and reducing other parts of thin, thereby get the thickness uniformity. Has the advantages of beautiful appearance, uniform wall thickness and continuous operation of hot bend forming process, is suitable for mass production, and thus become the main forming method of carbon steel, alloy steel elbow, forming and application in some specifications of stainless steel elbow. Heating forming process of induction or high-frequency heating (heating ring for multi ring or a single ring), flame heating and reflection furnace heating, the heating mode of forming product requirements and energy condition. Production process of elbow: hot forming One of the most common manufacturing methods for manufacturing elbows from pipes. After heating the raw material, it is pushed over a die called “mandrel” which allows the pipe to expand and bend simultaneously. Applicable to a wide size range. Elbows of steel pipe joints are used in the industrial plants and are mainly manufactured by the hot mandrel bending from raw material of straight steel pipe. Elbows are generally manufactured at elevated temperature by means of pushing, expanding and bending of pipes simultaneously, using the inner tool of mandrel. Characteristics of mandrel bending strongly depend on the integrated shape and dimensions of the mandrel. Elbows manufactured by using hot mandrel bending have advantages of small thickness deviation and shorter bending radius than those of any other bending method type.

Production process of elbow: Non-metallic single-welding These elbows are made from the steel plates, so it is not seamless steel elbows,  use a mould and press the steel plate to the shape of the elbow, then weld the seam to be a finish steel elbows, it is the old production method of the elbows.  Recent years the small sizes elbows are almost manufactured from the steel pipes now.

Production process of elbow: pressing stereotype For the big size elbow, for example ,  more than DN900 ,36″ elbows,  it is very difficult to produce them from the steel pipes . So they are commonly made from the steel plates,  pressing the plate to the shape of half elbow, and welding the two halves together.  Because of the elbows are welded in its body , the inspection of the welding joint is necessary . Commonly we use the X-Ray inspection as the NDT.

What is Cold Forming? Cold forming is a high speed forging process where coiled wire at room temperature is precisely sheared to length, and then moved through a succession of tool and die cavities to displace the working metal, either larger/smaller in diameter, longer/shorter in length, or to remove small amounts of material by trimming or piercing. Using raw material with the same diameter as finished product, pipe is pushed through a die and formed into its desired shape. Usually applied to stainless steel, small to medium sizes. Production process of elbow: cold forming

Process of tee: push stereotype The primary purpose of a Tee is to make a 90° branch from the main run of pipe. Standard there are 2 possibilities, on behalf of the equal tee and reducing tee. The equal tee (or straight tee) is used as the branch has the same diameter as the run-pipe. The reducing tee is used as the branch has a smaller diameter as the run-pipe.

Production process of tee: Hot-drawing Forming The Hot-drawing Forming consists of enclosing a piece of metal, heated to forging temperature, in a chamber called a “container” having a die at one end with an opening of the shape of the desired finished section, and applying pressure to the metal through the opposite end of the container. The metal is forced through the opening, the shape of which it assumes in cross-section, as the metal flows plastically under the great pressures used. Tees using raw material with a bigger diameter than the finished product, the branch outlet is extruded from pipe while the main body is being pressed. The outlet’s wall thickness can also be adjusted as needed. Applied to Tees with large diameters, heavy wall thickness and/or special material with challenging workability that cannot be manufactured using the hydraulic bulge method.

Production process of reducer: Pressing Stereotype Reducers be applied, to change from pipe diameter in one direction. Standard there are 2 possibilities, the concentric reducer, is usually used in vertical pipe lines, and the eccentric reducer that is used in horizontal pipe lines.