410 Stainless Steel is a basic straight chromium high hardenability martensitic stainless steel with good strength and fairly good corrosion resistance as generally supplied hardened and tempered in the tensile range 700 – 850 Mpa (condition R) Brinell range 201 – 255. Characterised by good corrosion resistance in mild atmospheric industrial and domestic environments coupled with good strength and excellent toughness in the hardened and tempered condition.
410 Stainless Steel due to its excellent hardenability is capable of being through hardened to over Rc40 depending upon carbon content and section size. Small sections can be air cooled and larger sections oil quenched for maximum through hardness.Pre hardened and tempered 410 Stainless Steel will also respond readily to nitriding achieving a typical surface hardness of over Rc65. The nitriding process however reduces the corrosion resistance and is therefore not generally recommended except for critical applications where the benefit outweighs all other considerations.
ASTM 410 Stainless Steel Round Bars are used for parts requiring a combination of good strength and toughness, plus reasonable corrosion resistance. Typical applications are: Bolts, Bushings, Fasteners, Gas Turbine Parts, Mine Equipment, Pump Parts, Petrochemical Equipment, Steam Turbine Parts, Studs, Valve Parts etc.
Material magnetic in all conditions.Specifications AustraliaAS 2837-1986 410GermanyW.Nr 1.4006 X10Cr13Great BritainBS970 Part3 1991 410S21 BS970 1955 EN56AJapanJIS G4303 SuS 410USAASTM A276-98b 410 SAE 51410 AISI 410 UNS S41000Chemical Composition Of ASTM 410 Stainless Steel Round BarsMin. %Max %Carbon0.090.15Silicon01.00Manganese01.00*Nickel01.00Chromium11.5013.50Phosphorous00.04Sulphur00.03*Nickel additional optionMechanical Property Requirements For Material in the Annealed and Heat Treated – Condition R To AS2837 – 1986 410 and BS970 Part3 1991 410S21Condition Annealed*RTensile Strength MpaMin700Max8500.2% Yield Strength MpaMin495Elongation on 5.65√S0 %Min15Impact Izod JMin34Hardness HBMin201Max207255*Material stocked generally in condition R. NB. Check the mill certificate if critical for end use. Typical Mechanical Properties At Room Temperature – *Hardened and Tempered to Condition RTensile Strength Mpa760Yield Strength Mpa595Elongation on 5.65√S0 %23Impact Charpy J J5390HardnessHB230Rc22*Typical Hardening Temperatures950oC – 1010oC*Typical Tempering Temperatures650oC – 680oC620oC – 660oCTypical Mechanical Properties At Room Temperature – Hardened By Oil Quench at 1010oC and Tempered as IndicatedTemperature oC250370480540590650Tensile Strengt Mpa1350129513006908307300.2% Yield Strength Mpa109510701020915725630Elongation in 50mm %171718192021Impact Charpy J7666*38*335295HardnessHB400400400285248223Rc434343302420High tensile strength and high yield strength plus fairly good impact properties obtained when tempered below 400oC.
*Note drop in impact properties.
Tempering within the range 400oC – 580oC should be avoided.Elevated Temperature Properties410 displays good resistance to scaling in continuous service up to 650oC. Its use however at these higher working Temperatures results in a substantial drop in tensile strength and hardness with subsequent increase in ductility. Typical Mechanical Properties at Elevated Temperatures, Hardened at 1010oC and Tempered at 30oC Above Working TemperatureTempering Temperature oC510570620680Working Temperature oC480540590650Tensile Strength Mpa1200540350220Yield Strength Mpa965510320190Elongation in 50mm %15243039Room Temperature Hardness After TestHB390285240220Rc43312419NB. Creep and stress rupture strength is also substantially reduced at these higher working temperatures.Low Temperature Properties410 Stainless Steel is not recommended for use at sub-zero temperatures due to a substantial drop in impact properties consistent with most steels other than the austenitic steel types.Cold BendingIn the hardened and tempered as supplied condition, it will be more difficult due to the high yield strength which must be taken into account.Hot BendingIn the hardened and tempered as supplied condition, it is not recommended due to its affect on the mechanical properties within the heat affected zone. Corrosion Resistance410 Stainless Steel has better corrosion resistance than 416 grade, but lower than 431 grade. Also lower than most of the 400 series ferritic stainless steels, and all of the 300 series austenitic stainless steels.NB. It has optimum corrosion resistance in the hardened and tempered condition and is not therefore recommended for use in the annealed condition. It is most important that oxygen is always allowed to circulate freely on all stainless steel surfaces to ensure that a chrome oxide film is always present to protect it. If this is not the case, rusting will occur as with other types of non stainless steels.For optimum corrosion resistance surfaces must be free of scale and foreign particles. Finished parts should be passivated.
Source: wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)
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