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Stainless steel plate can be used to make a lot of daily necessities, stainless steel processing technology is perse, such as stamping, bending, shear folding, etc., this paper focuses on stamping process. The common stamping forming processes of stainless steel sheet include drawing process, bulging process, flanging process (including reaming) and bending process. The corresponding material properties are bulging forming performance, flanging formability, reaming formability and bending formability. But before talking about the stamping process of stainless steel plate, the two factors that will affect the mechanical properties of stainless steel are also discussed. They are internal cause and external cause respectively. Internal causes are more important, that is, different chemical elements in stainless steel tissue, mainly metal elements, different types of stainless steel because the chemical composition is different, so the strength is also different. There are generally three factors, the first is the deformation temperature, and under normal conditions, the strength is increased when the temperature is lower. For austenitic stainless steel, the decrease of temperature will make the plasticity decrease little, so it has better impact toughness at low temperature. For ferritic stainless steel, the temperature drop will greatly reduce the plasticity, so there is a low temperature brittleness. It’s just ordinary. When the temperature drops, the internal structure of stainless steel will be changed, and the abnormal phenomenon will also occur. A large number of stacking faults occur in the CrMnN stainless steel under low temperature impact, so there is a significant ductile brittle transition phenomenon. For example, 304 stainless steel bars with low carbon, chromium and nickel content will form martensite at low temperature, which will also reduce impact toughness. The second is the deformation velocity. Generally speaking, increasing the deformation rate will reduce the toughness. For example, the temper brittleness that can not be reflected by tensile properties can be shown by impact toughness. Ferrite at the pulse speed causes ferrite free phase transformation and twinning, which will decrease the toughness of ferrite. The third is the state of stress, the sample with notch, crack and sample thickness will change the stress state and stress concentration, thus affecting the toughness of stainless steel material. It is because of the above mechanical properties of stainless steel material, so the processing is based on the actual needs and material properties to do targeted programs. The stamping process of stainless steel plate is introduced as follows. Drawing process, which is a kind of stamping process method using the special mold to cut or cut the flat blank to open hollow parts. Its characteristic is that the stainless steel sheet can flow into the die under the driving of the punch, that is to say, the material is formed by the fluidity and elongation of the material. Bulging forming process is to use the mold to force the thickness of the blank thinning and surface area increase, so as to get the geometry of the workpiece stamping method. It is characterized by that the blank is crushed by the blank holder and can not flow into the die. It is completely dependent on the extension of the material itself. Flanging forming process is a stamping process which uses the mold to turn the hole edge or the outer edge of the blank into the vertical edge. In the middle stage of the round hole flanging, that is, the material under the punch has not been transferred to the side. If the deformation is stopped, the forming method will be shown on the right. This forming method is called reaming and is widely used in production. The last bending forming process is actually a forming process for bending the stainless steel sheet, bar, tube or profile into fixed shape and angle parts. Source: China Stainless Steel Plate Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

When welding thin wall stainless steel, the technical level requirements are very high, because in the welding of this kind of material, will face many problems, such as construction site problems, heat treatment problems, thermal expansion and cold contraction problems, the following to tell the solution to these problems. First of all, the construction capacity, welding is a relatively strong professional activities, generally after welding can not be demolished, in the actual construction site for a long time, because it is necessary to change, resulting in very inconvenient. Because of the need for specialized equipment and argon arc welding of thin wall stainless steel tube, the thickness is very thin, there must be a high level of welders operation, but in the actual construction site personnel mobility, if no welding operation certificate of personnel of electric welding, argon flow, the adjustment will not be reasonable, and the influence of construction site space and human factors, often produce weld and weld welding pipe even wear phenomenon, although Water Leakage problem does not appear in the pressure test, but there is a great risk in construction, after a certain period of time, because of the effect of thermal expansion and contraction and other factors, will lead to future Water Leakage. The second is the problem of heat treatment, as for thin wall stainless steel pipe and socket fittings to place for welding solution treatment at the factory, but in the construction site, restricted construction site welding pipes and pipe fittings, is unlikely to do solid solution treatment of austenitic stainless steel, due to slow after 450~800 degrees. The carbon precipitation generated by the precipitation of chromium carbide in grain boundary material, chromium content in the vicinity and therefore lower generation lack of chromium, lead to corrosion resistance drop. Long time use is usually late, will produce in the weld of stainless steel materials most worried about intergranular corrosion, if the high carbon content of stainless steel materials, in the weld will lead to failure of stainless steel pipe in advance, and this is certainly flawed will appear in the use of a certain period of time after the test is not on the spot. The third point is the expansion and contraction of the problem, the stainless steel plate material with the change of temperature and the formation of destructive force is very strong, so the expansion and contraction of stainless steel material is critical. The influence of thermal expansion is not simply in the products produced by pulling force to determine the value, such as the original thread connection with much more easily affected by thermal expansion and contraction, because the stainless steel pipes and pipe fittings have no way to extend or shorten the occurrence of fatigue and often burst, if the temperature the greater the damage the greater the. So the connection of thin wall stainless steel pipes and pipe fittings if buried installation, must fully consider the material thermal properties, and by argon arc welding of the socket type pipe, is difficult to achieve the parent pipe and pipe fittings and welding, to eliminate stress, especially in the north of the buried pipeline is mostly in the summer season, resulting in water and when the maximum buried negative temperature difference of 35 degrees, especially when the temperature drops sharply, the pipeline expansion joint is not installed under the condition of axial tension will cause the pipe and pipe welding crack, once the treatment is not good, there are pores, weld damage is thermal expansion and contraction of the defect, with the passage of time will be completely unmasked, so we must pay attention to the use of the installation process is reasonable in the case of buried. Source: China Stainless Steel Pipe Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

There are more than 10 kinds of common elements in stainless steel plate. In addition to the basic element iron, the most important elements affecting the performance and microstructure of stainless steel plates are carbon, chromium, nickel, manganese, silicon, molybdenum, titanium, niobium, titanium, manganese, nitrogen, copper, cobalt and so on. When some elements coexist in the whole stainless steel, the influence of far is much more complex than when they exist independently, because not only to consider the elements of its function, but also pay attention to their effects caused by each other, so the performance of stainless steel is the sum of various elements affect the decision by the. Chromium plays a decisive role in stainless steel, as long as the stainless steel contains a certain amount of chromium. This is because the addition of chromium to the steel will result in the movement of stainless steel inside the contradiction to the resistance to corrosion damage. The main reason is to increase the electrode potential of Fe based solid solution, in addition, chromium also absorbs the iron electron to make iron passivation. In addition, carbon is one of the main elements of industrial steel. The properties and structure of steel are largely determined by the content and distribution of carbon in steel, and the effect of carbon in stainless steel is more obvious. The effect of carbon on the microstructure of stainless steel is mainly manifested in two aspects, one of which is stable austenite elements, and the degree of action is great, is 30 times the effect of nickel, and the other is because of the great affinity of carbon and chromium, and chromium formation of a series of complex carbide. Therefore, from the two aspects of strength and corrosion resistance candle, the role of carbon in stainless steel is contradictory. The role of nickel in stainless steel is to play with chromium to play out, nickel is an excellent corrosion resistant material, but also an important alloying elements of alloy steel. Nickel in stainless steel is austenite formation elements, but the low carbon nickel steel to obtain pure austenite, nickel content must be as high as 24%. Only when the content of nickel is 27%, can the corrosion resistance of stainless steel change obviously in some media. Therefore, nickel can not be made into stainless steel alone. However, nickel and chromium exist in stainless steel at the same time, nickel containing stainless steel has a lot of valuable properties. Nickel as alloying element in stainless steel, is the high chrome organization changes, so as to improve the corrosion resistance of stainless steel materials and process performance. In addition of manganese and nitrogen can replace nickel chromium nickel stainless steel, chromium nickel austenitic stainless steel has the advantages of many, but over the years because refractoloy and heat resistant steel containing nickel below 20% a large number of development and application, and the chemical industry development needs more and more and the stainless steel, nickel deposits the relatively small and concentrated in a few areas in the world, so there is a contradiction in the supply and demand of nickel. Therefore in many other fields of stainless steel and alloy forging steel, tool steel, heat resistant steel etc., especially nickel less resources, widely carried out section of nickel and nickel with other elements of the generation of scientific research and production practice, the research in this aspect and is widely applied to manganese and nitrogen instead of nickel in stainless steel and heat resistant steel. The effect of manganese on austenite is similar to that of nickel. More precisely, the effect of manganese is not on the formation of austenite, but because it can reduce the critical quenching rate of stainless steel, increase the stability of austenite in cooling, inhibit the decomposition of austenite, so that the austenitic structure at high temperature can be maintained at room temperature. The corrosion resistance of stainless steel increased, little effect of manganese, nickel manganese austenite is about half the stability in the role of low nickel stainless steel, stainless steel and nickel free CrMnN Stainless steel has been used in the industry, some areas have been successfully used to replace 18-8 chromium nickel stainless steel. Source: China Stainless Steel Plate Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

Nitric acid is a strong oxidizing acid, strong oxidative corrosion, a lot of chemical fiber used in chemical fertilizers, dyes and other chemical industries. Stainless steel acid-resistant steel is developed from the application of nitric acid industry. Cr13 stainless steel has a certain corrosion resistance in dilute nitric acid at room temperature. Cr18 stainless steel has a very good corrosion resistance to dilute nitric acid at various temperatures. However, nitric acid industry is relatively large amount of application or better overall performance of Cr18Ni9 type stainless steel. Since molybdenum has a negative effect on the corrosion resistance of acid-resistant steels in nitric acid, it is not usual to select molybdenum-containing stainless steels in the nitric acid industry. Also in the production of concentrated nitric acid, but also the need to use a specific stainless steel. When nitric acid with chlorine, chromium plasma, its corrosion will be strengthened. Chlorine ion in nitric acid easily causes pitting corrosion of stainless steel acid-resistant steel. Intergranular corrosion of nitric acid is also very strong, easy to weld heat affected zone knife-like corrosion. Boiling nitric acid at a concentration of 65% is not only sensitive to the tendency of intergranular corrosion caused by precipitation of chromium carbide, but also to the tendency of intergranular corrosion caused by precipitation of d phase. Industrial nitric acid concentrated nitric acid (96% ~ 98%) and dilute nitric acid (<65%) two. Next, a brief introduction of stainless steel materials in dilute nitric acid, concentrated nitric acid production equipment. Application of stainless steel in dilute nitric acid production 18-8 type alone – nickel austenitic stainless steel is excellent resistance to dilute nitric acid, it is widely used in dilute nitric acid concentrations below 65%, the same is true of duplex stainless steel 022Cr2lNi5Ti, 022Cr25Ni6M02N. The mechanical properties of the castings are usually less demanding, even less welding, can be replaced by more economical Cr17 ferritic stainless steel. When required corrosion resistance and high strength, but also the use of martensitic stainless steel 12Cr13 (403), 14Cr17Ni2 steel, used in the quenched and tempered state. Application of stainless steel in concentrated nitric acid production When the nitric acid concentration is greater than 68%, ordinary 18-8 chrome-nickel stainless steel has been unable to meet the requirements. Concentration ≤ 85%, the general use of Cr25Ni20-type stainless steel. If the nitric acid concentration is too high, the corrosion resistance of Cr25Ni20 stainless steel will drop sharply due to nitric acid peroxidation and will be severely corroded. Therefore, it is necessary to use stainless steel with 4% to 6% silicon content, such as 14Cr18NiIISi4AITi, 06Cr18Ni13Si4 and 022Cr20N. When the nitric acid concentration ≥ 97%, you can use the chromium content of 5% to 6% of chromium-nickel stainless steel. Stainless steel in sulfuric acid equipment applications Sulfuric acid is also a very important basic chemical raw material, used to produce and put sulfuric acid equipment or containers generally use stainless acid steel. Although sulfuric acid is an oxyacid, dilute sulfuric acid and moderate concentrations of sulfuric acid are not very oxidizing and are reducing acids. The concentrated sulfuric acid, especially hot concentrated sulfuric acid oxidation is very strong, is an oxidizing acid. Because of this characteristic of sulfuric acid, the choice of sulfuric acid-resistant stainless steel, with sulfuric acid concentration, temperature of the different grades selected. Dilute sulfuric acid, medium concentration of sulfuric acid can choose 06Cr17Ni12M02 (316), 022Cr17 Ni12 M02 (316 1), 06Cr17Ni12M02Ti (316Ti) and other molybdenum content is 2% -3% stainless steel. Molybdenum-free stainless steel 18-8 chrome-nickel austenitic stainless steel, due to intolerance of dilute sulfuric acid, medium-grade sulfuric acid corrosion, it can not be used in the case of sulfuric acid corrosion. When high molybdenum content, this stainless steel corrosion will be enhanced again. Stainless steel containing molybdenum, Cu, Si (3% to 4%) of Cr-Ni austenitic stainless steel and duplex stainless steel better sulfuric acid resistance. In the concentration of 90% -98% of the high-temperature concentrated sulfuric acid, according to the use of temperature and concentration, the use of silicon content of about 6% of stainless steel works well. Source: China Stainless Steel Pipes Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

In order to enhance the performance of the stainless steel pipe, usually use some cold processing technology, such as cold drawing, cold rolling, cold rolling, cold, cold, cold expansion distortion, but finally achieve effect, also will inevitably suffer some damage, these cold working process and welding processing, will damage the performance of the stainless steel pipe, especially corrosion or heat resistance. There are five main reasons for the damage of stainless steel pipes. First of all, it will increase the micro defects and surface roughness of the lattice dislocation of the pipe material, and also induce martensite transformation and precipitation of carbides. For example, austenitic stainless steel presents a magnetic increasing phenomenon after cold working. Secondly, the lattice dislocation or phase transition of stainless steel pipe will occur on the surface, and it will also become the starting position of pitting corrosion. This phenomenon will produce a direct adverse effect when the deformation degree reaches 20% reduction section rate. The residual stress in the stainless steel pipe will be left after the cold working, and the residual stress is very unfavorable to the stress corrosion cracking of the pipe. Any degree of cold processing will lead to a great increase in the sensitivity of the material to stress corrosion cracking. The cold working degree also has an adverse effect on the high temperature endurance strength of austenitic stainless steel. The higher the general working temperature or the higher the fracture life requirement, the lower the cold working degree can be. For stainless steel pipes subjected to alternating loads, cold processing will cause cracking and expansion rates to increase due to the decrease of elongation and residual elongation. In order to solve the above problems, there are several solutions. First of all, the stainless steel standards in most countries, especially the European unified stainless steel pipe standard, stipulate that all seamless stainless steel pipes must be supplied in solid solution or annealed state, so as to remove the damage caused by cold processing and welding. Secondly, three key parameters should be paid attention to in solution treatment, i. e. heating temperature, rapid cooling method and high temperature residence time. Excessive solution treatment temperature or residence time will be detrimental to the corrosion resistance of stainless steel. Determine whether the solution is in place, hardness determination, expansion, curling, flattening, tensile data can be determined, in which hardness is the most simple. The solid solution or by high temperature heating annealing and pickling treatment, it significantly increased the manufacturing cost and production cycle, with acid mist and other waste gas and waste water emissions plus, some enterprises omit this process, the use of this product, easy to cause the production and personal accident after use. Finally, for some stainless steel pipes which may be difficult to implement solid solution or annealing, it is necessary to control the degree of cold processing and local annealing at low temperature, which can effectively reduce the harmful effects. Source: China Stainless Steel Pipes Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

Duplex stainless steel pipe has better corrosion resistance than austenitic stainless steel pipe, and its practicability is wider. Because of ferrite structure in duplex stainless steel pipe, it has both the properties of ferrite and austenitic stainless steel pipe. The advantages of duplex stainless steel pipes are many. First, the yield strength is much higher than that of ordinary austenitic stainless steel pipes, and there is enough plastic and toughness for forming dual phase stainless steel pipes. The wall thickness of a dual phase stainless steel pipe or pressure vessel is reduced by 30%~50% than that of austenitic stainless steel, which reduces most of the cost. The duplex stainless steel pipe resistance to stress corrosion cracking ability is outstanding, especially in chloride environment, even if the resistance to stress corrosion cracking ability is stronger than the austenitic stainless steel pipe alloy containing the lowest amount of duplex stainless steel, and stress corrosion can be said to be very difficult to solve the problems of ordinary austenitic stainless steel pipe. In some media, such as acetic acid and formic acid, the corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steel pipes can even replace high alloy austenitic stainless steel pipes, or even part of corrosion resistant alloy pipes. The double phase stainless steel pipe also has excellent resistance to localized corrosion and similar alloy content of austenitic stainless steel pipe as compared to duplex stainless steel pipe with high strength and good corrosion resistance, wear resistance corrosion and corrosion fatigue properties are more excellent than the austenitic stainless steel pipe. The coefficient of linear expansion of dual phase stainless steel pipe is lower than that of austenitic stainless steel pipe, close to carbon steel pipe, and suitable for joining with carbon steel pipe. Engineering significance is very important, for example, producing composite panels or linings. In addition, the energy absorption capacity of the dual phase stainless steel pipe is better than the austenitic stainless steel pipe, regardless of the dynamic load or the static load. This is of obvious advantage to the duplex stainless steel pipe, such as collision and explosion, and its practical application value is higher. But the duplex stainless steel pipes also have some disadvantages. For example, the universality and multifaceted nature of the duplex stainless steel pipes are not as good as those of the austenitic stainless steel pipes. For example, the application temperature of the duplex stainless steel pipes must be controlled below 250 degrees. Secondly, the ductility of the dual phase stainless steel pipe is lower than the austenitic stainless steel pipe, and the cold, hot processing technology and the molding performance are inferior to the austenitic stainless steel pipe. Moreover, the duplex stainless steel pipe has moderate temperature brittle area. We must strictly control the heat treatment and welding process system to prevent the occurrence of harmful phase and damage the performance of duplex stainless steel pipe. Source: China Duplex Stainless Steel Pipes Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

Generally speaking, stainless steel bellows in the application may encounter internal leakage or leakage phenomenon, resulting in a lot of reasons, usually due to liquid medium containing solid impurities damage the sealing surface caused by. The causes of valve stem leakage are mainly related to valve structure, working environment and service mode. The structural stem uses stainless steel bellows and packing double seal structure, bellows lining ring and outer lining ring welded into bellows components, and then with the stem and guide body welding, so as to block the medium through the valve stem leakage. The distance between the upper and lower of the valve rod moves upwards until the upper end of the flat key is contacted with the lower end of the lower packing. Because the lower packing is made of PTFE material, once the valve is over opened, the flat key I is inserted into the packing so that the valve can no longer be opened and closed, and the components of the bellows are also killed, leading to the leakage of the dielectric along the valve stem. The length and compression amount of the stainless steel bellows are determined according to the distance of the valve. Once it exceeds the limit tension or compression, it may destroy the bellows, resulting in the failure of the small tube and the sealing failure. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the valve opening and closing of the limit device, so that the valve opening and closing process, bellows has been in the design range of expansion. Here’s an example. The stop valve of stainless steel bellow is installed on the pipeline of the power plant of the ship. During the use of the valve, there are some problems, such as the leakage of the valve stem and the rust of the valve stem. But the problems will happen again and again. By analyzing the causes of the failure, using appropriate solutions to remove the fault, thereby protecting the performance of the valve. Through the analysis of the valve problems, the structure, operation and environment were improved. The first is to increase the limited welfare cost of flat key I, and ask the lower filler of PTFE material to ask for a thick 3mm stainless steel filler pad, so as to avoid the contamination of the filler and the valve stem limit. When the valve is closed, if the valve can not be stopped, do not force forcibly shut down, but to open the valve, flush with fluid for a period of time after closing again, again and again, if not yet closed, check the grinding sealing surface. When the valve is opened, when the valve opens to a certain height, the valve stem meets small resistance, try not to continue to force open, thereby extending the life of the valve stem and its sealing components. Valve with thrust ball bearing on the upper part of the valve, in the installation, we should try to avoid condensation water directly drop in the valve account, resulting in corrosion of the stem position. In addition, the bellows stop valve working environment is bad, but also cause one of the reasons for its easy failure. Because the body is installed on the corrugated pipe valve for long-term work in the salt spray environment, and is also often condensate dripping water, lead to corrosion of the upper thrust ball bearings, it will lead to more serious stem contact corrosion, operation in use if excessive open or closed bellows globe valve, may the valve can not meet the relevant performance requirements. Over close the valve, it may crush the sealing surface, resulting in seal failure when the valve again. When the valve is opened excessively, the stainless steel bellows assembly may be operated to make the valve leak out. Source: China Stainless Steel Bellows Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

Stainless steel pneumatic flange butterfly valve, with pneumatic actuators in application, because pneumatic actuators perform very fast and do not need to be done by workers themselves, it can save manpower and time cost. Working principle of stainless steel pneumatic flange butterfly valve The advantages of stainless steel pneumatic butterfly valve flange mainly has simple structure, small volume and light weight, cheap price, usually installed in the upper passage, after two position five way solenoid valve control easy to operate, but also can adjust the flow of medium. The fluid resistance is low, medium and large caliber pneumatic butterfly valve fully open when the larger effective flow, quick opening and closing and pulling rotation angle of 90 degrees to the butterfly can be opened and closed, because the shaft on both sides of the disc hand medium is approximately equal to the force, torque and the opposite direction, so the opening and closing torque is small, but also under low pressure good sealing butterfly valve sealing material is mainly butadiene acrylonitrile rubber, fluorine rubber, edible rubber, PTFE, so the sealing performance should be relatively good, which is soft and hard sealing butterfly valve has the advantages of laminated sheet metal, metal seal and elastic sealing, even under low temperature sealing performance is also very good. Application of stainless steel pneumatic butterfly valve is used to rotate with the valve orange do open and close, thus enable the action of the pneumatic valve main shut-off valve used to do, can be designed to have a section of the valve or adjust the function and regulation, is now very much application of butterfly valve in the low pressure large size pipelines. The structure of the pneumatic flange butterfly valve of stainless steel The butterfly plate of the butterfly valve is installed in the direction of the diameter of the pipe. In the cylindrical channel of pneumatic flange valve body, the disc shaped butterfly plate revolves around the axis, the rotation angle is between 0 degrees -90 degrees, when the rotation is 90 degrees, the valve is in the full open state. The butterfly valve is usually made up of only a few small parts. And as long as the rotation of 90 degrees can be completed fast opening and closing, easy operation, and the electric valve of the fluid control performance is very good. When the pneumatic flange butterfly valve is fully open, the thickness of the butterfly plate is the only resistance of the medium flowing through the valve body, so the pressure generated by the valve will be very low, so it has relatively good flow control characteristics. The seal form of pneumatic flange butterfly valve has two kinds of elastic seal and metal seal. Elastic sealing valve, sealing ring can be inlaid on the valve body or attached to the circumference of the butterfly plate. The life of a valve using a metal seal is generally better than a flexible sealing valve, but it is also difficult to complete a complete seal. Metal seals can adapt to higher working temperatures, and elastic seals have a temperature limitation. If the stainless steel pneumatic flange butterfly valve is used as the flow control, it is generally to choose the size and type of the valve. The structural principle of the butterfly valve is especially suitable for making large caliber valves. The butterfly valve is not only widely used in oil, gas, chemical, water treatment and other common industries, but also used in the cooling water system of the thermal power station. Source: China Butterfly Valve Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

Stainless steel pipe according to the material points are mainly ordinary carbon steel pipe, high-quality carbon structural steel pipe, alloy structural pipe, alloy steel pipe, bearing steel pipe, stainless steel pipe and bimetallic composite pipe, coating and coating pipe. Stainless steel tube of many varieties, uses are also different, their technical requirements are not the same, the production methods are also different. Divided by the mode of production, there are two seamless stainless steel pipe and welded pipe, seamless steel pipe can be pided into hot-rolled pipe, cold-rolled tubes, cold drawn tubes and extruded tubes, cold drawn, cold rolled stainless steel tube Secondary processing, welded pipe has a longitudinal welded pipe and spiral welded pipe. Divided by the cross-sectional shape, stainless steel tube with a round tube and shaped tube. Shaped pipe and rectangular tube, diamond-shaped tube, oval tube, the six-tube, P Plus and a variety of sections of asymmetric steel. Shaped pipe is mainly used in a variety of structural parts, tools and mechanical parts. Compared with the round tube, shaped stainless steel tube generally has larger moment of inertia and section modulus, stronger bending resistance and torsion resistance, which can greatly reduce the weight of the structure and save the stainless steel. Stainless steel pipe according to vertical section shape can also be pided into sections such as cross-section pipe and variable cross-section tube. Variable cross-section pipe, including tapered pipe, stepped pipe and periodic cross-section pipe. Divided by the tube end shape, stainless steel tube light pipe and tube two. Tube can also be pided into ordinary car wire and thread pipe and special. Divided by purpose, stainless steel pipe can be pided into oil well pipe, pipe line, boiler tube, mechanical pipe, hydraulic prop tube, cylinder tube, geological tube, chemical tube and marine tube. Stainless steel pipe is used in a wide range of applications more areas of the automotive industry, petrochemical industry, and fluid transport. Which used in the automotive industry is the main exhaust pipe stainless steel tube system, and most of the ferritic stainless steel. Exhaust gases from the car engine pass through the exhaust gas intake pipe, the front pipe, the hose, the converter, and the center pipe finally flow out of the muffler. Exhaust system commonly used steel 409L, 436L and so on. Automotive mufflers mainly use stainless steel welded pipe. In the petrochemical industry, including fertilizer industry, the demand for stainless steel pipe is very large, commonly used stainless steel seamless pipe, made of 304,321,316,316 L, 347,317 L, etc., outside diameter ¢ 18- ¢ 610 or so, wall thickness In 6mm-50mm or so. In addition water and gas and other fluid delivery is also commonly used stainless steel tube, this tube corrosion resistance than other pipe materials are stronger. Source: China Stainless Steel Pipes Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

With the continuous improvement of living standards, the application of stainless steel bar in today’s society needs more and more, including one called the profile of the stainless steel hexagonal bars, its application effect is very significant, can use a lot of areas. The stainless steel hexagonal bars are popular in building materials In the current rapid development of building industry, more and more fruit of processors in the use of stainless steel hexagonal bars, because the stainless steel bar can make building materials in terms of the length of the modified become more smoothly, and the hardness of the stainless steel bar is also very strong, so in the process of grinding can make such significantly less wear on the surface of the building materials, to ensure that pbaruce business in the field of technical processing to pbaruce more quality pbaructs. Is the current domestic economic development trends, is still very worthy of development and construction industry development, so the class of building materials of excellent quality of stainless steel bar can effectively attract users to buy, so using stainless steel hexagonal bars can not only on the pbaruction cost is reduced, and conducive to promoting pbaructs of stainless steel bar. Stainless steel hexagonal bar as a medical appliance processing accessories As we all know, medical equipment for hospital doctors and patients are very important, so with the right materials pbaruction and processing of medical apparatus, it is essential for treating patients. Use high quality stainless steel hexagonal bars to make pbaructs. It can guarantee the quality of medical devices. In addition, the stainless steel bar has high hardness and good wear resistance, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of medical infection. Stainless steel hexagon bars for food processing and sanitation The stainless steel hexagonal bars are made with a low carbon pbaruct, so the application of this pbaruct can guarantee the effective health protection of the food in the processing link. This can make the user eat more comfortable, very worthy to recommend. The stainless steel bar has a smooth surface, so it is not easy to fall to dust, so that the food processing process can be as ideal as possible. Source: China Hexagonal Bars Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

304 stainless steel plate is more durable than ordinary steel, its surface is beautiful and the application of various forms, excellent corrosion resistance, but also high temperature oxidation, high strength, can be fire-resistant, so the production of stainless steel plate More likely. In addition, the stainless steel plate can be plasticized and processed at room temperature without surface treatment. 316 and 304 compared to the main difference between stainless steel chemical composition, including 316 stainless steel containing molybdenum, stainless steel in general 316 stainless steel corrosion resistance is better, better corrosion resistance in high temperature 304 stainless steel. Therefore, in high temperature environment, engineers usually choose 316 stainless steel for production. But not necessarily, in the case of concentrated sulfuric acid, the temperature is too high can not use 316, because in order to avoid the threads at high temperatures bite, to apply a dark solid lubricant. 304 stainless steel because of its high yield point, the hardness is high, cold hardening effect is obvious, 304 stainless steel bending process is characterized by poor thermal conductivity due to ordinary low carbon steel, the elongation is low, resulting in deformable board required Compared with carbon steel, the large and stainless steel sheets tend to rebound strongly compared with carbon steel during bending, and their elongation relative to carbon steel is also low. Therefore, the bending angle R of the stainless steel workpiece during bending is higher than that of carbon steel, Otherwise there will be cracks may occur. Because of the high hardness of 304 stainless steel, cold work hardening effect is significant, so choose the bending tool should choose the heat treatment up to 60HRC hardness of the tool steel, and its surface roughness than carbon steel bending tool an order of magnitude higher. According to the above characteristics, generally speaking, the unit size, the thicker the stainless steel plate, the greater the required bending force, and as the thickness increases in the choice of bending equipment, the bending force margin should be stronger, In the unit size, the higher the tensile strength of the board, the lower the elongation, the greater the required bending force, the greater the bending angle. According to the actual situation, the unfolding dimension of a bent workpiece is the addition and subtraction of two thickness at right angle, which can fully meet the design precision requirements. Based on experience and formula, the calculation of unfolding quantity can simplify the calculation process and greatly improve the production efficiency. The greater the yield strength of the material, the greater the elastic recovery, in order to get the angle of 90 degrees of the bending piece, the angle of the required pressure knife should be designed smaller. Relative to the same thickness of 304 stainless steel plate bending angle, which requires great attention, will generate bending cracks, which will affect the strength of stainless steel workpiece. Source: China Stainless Steel Plate Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

It is well known that the surface quality roughness of the stainless steel plate will affect the effect of the finished product, so what are the effects of the roughness? Stainless steel plate surface has a layer of dense oxide film can prevent oxidation of stainless steel material erosion surface, which could effectively avoid oxidation, whereas a more porous oxide film is constantly upset oxidation. In continuous production line, the surface of stainless steel is forced oxidation through continuous pickling method, thus increasing the toughness of the surface oxidation film of stainless steel. In addition, the effect of high temperature oxidation resistance, thickness of oxide film and chemical composition of oxide film should be tested. The results showed that the composition of oxide film and the oxide film thickness were not significantly affected by the adjustment of acid concentration. In the higher temperature environment, the application will be oxidized and discolored. Under the environment of high temperature stainless steel plate surface oxidation surface oxidation film thickness of the board, this kind of phenomenon also and oxidation resistance of stainless steel plate itself and material heat capacity is directly related to stainless steel plate surface roughness and surface of the chromaticity of heat absorption capacity per unit area and cause stainless steel plate color degree. Relevant data shows that when the surface roughness of the surface of the stainless steel plate drops to 0.022 mu m, the absorption capacity of the stainless steel plate will decrease significantly, and the stainless steel plate will not be further oxidized. When the oxide film thickness of stainless steel plate is basically maintain the original thickness, the degree of discoloration is slight. Conversely, if the thickness of the oxide film is significantly increased, the color will become more severe. The carbon content of stainless steel plate materials is low, and the carbon atoms in the high temperature environment can easily spread to the stainless steel matrix during the oxidation process, so the oxidation process of stainless steel is accompanied by the carburizing process. In order to verify the effect of silicon on carburizing, only the silicon elements were adjusted in 310S stainless steel, and then the high temperature cycling test was conducted. The test results show that the high temperature oxidation performance of the stainless steel materials can be enhanced significantly when the quality score of the chromium element increases to above 22% or the quality fraction of the silicon element is above 2%. Source: China Stainless Steel Plate Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline pipe fitting Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)