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Usually when the stainless steel elbow rust, usually with a special cleaning agent for cleaning rust. And in daily use should also be more cleaning. Such as stainless steel elbow, surface dust or easy to remove stains, it should be washed with warm water or weak detergent, and even soapy water is also possible. If the stainless steel elbow on the surface of the trademark and other sticky film, but also can be washed with weak detergent, but after washing, but also with clean water and dry. Installation of stainless steel elbow, according to the use of location for installation. Under normal circumstances, can be installed in any position on the pipeline inspection, but easy to manipulate, if need to pay attention to the flow direction of medium stainless steel elbow is vertical upward flow below the valve, then the stainless steel elbow can be installed horizontally. In addition, when installing the stainless steel elbow, pay attention to the sealing between the elbow and the pipe, and prevent the leakage of the medium, thus affecting the normal operation of the pipeline. Stainless steel elbow generally does not happen corrosion, pitting corrosion or corrosion or wear. The strength of stainless steel is one of the highest in building metal materials. And because the stainless steel corrosion resistance is good, so long time to maintain the integrity of the structural parts of Engineering design. Chromium containing stainless steel combines high mechanical strength and high extensibility, and can well meet the needs of processing and manufacturing of components. Common metals react with oxygen in the environment and form an oxide film on the surface. This layer of oxide film can guarantee the corrosion resistance of stainless steel. The corrosion resistance of stainless steel is affected by alloy elements in steel body. Which is the basic chromium element provides corrosion in stainless steel, when the chromium content in stainless steel reaches about 1.2%, oxygen and external medium with chromium, forming a layer of thin and dense oxide film on the surface of stainless steel, this layer can prevent the corrosion of stainless steel by deeper. The stainless steel material in the stainless steel elbow is a solid solution composed of chromium, nickel and other elements in the gamma -Fe, which should be considered as the mainstream stainless steel type. The main characteristics of this steel is at room temperature with arrangement of non-magnetic austenite, the low yield ratio, good plasticity, good welding performance, easy to exercise and forging hot forming; component characteristics of this steel is rich in chromium (more than 17%), nickel (8%-15%) elements and other corrosion the (such as molybdenum, niobium, titanium, etc.). Therefore, austenitic stainless steel elbow on the one hand has excellent corrosion resistance, as well as excellent mechanical performance and technical performance, so widely used in mechanical equipment. Source: China Stainless Steel Elbow Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

304 stainless steel pipe is the most widely used of heat-resisting stainless steel pipe, the chemical composition of the steel grade is the most main in the chromium containing 19% and 9% of nickel element, so called in Chinese gb 0 cr19ni9 (0 cr18ni9) stainless steel pipe. The use of 304 stainless steel pipes is used in food equipment, general chemical equipment, atomic energy equipment and so on. Stainless steel pipe rust steel is more adaptable. The same is true for high temperature, with a maximum temperature of 1200 degrees Celsius, which can satisfy most of the use environment. 304 stainless steel pipes generally have very good corrosion resistance, and of course the anti-crystal intergranular corrosion performance. As an atmosphere or chemical corrosion medium can also be effective enough for corrosion resistance of high alloy steel, 304 stainless steel pipe surface are usually very beautiful, so also is very suitable for home decoration and railings, handrails, etc., and keep the stainless steel pipe ecru, even no specialized in surface treatment, such as color of plating can give full play to the advantages of stainless steel is natural. Also from the perspective of the metallography of stainless steel with 304 stainless steel chemical composition containing chromium element, so it would be easy to formed in the surface layer is very thin and dense chromium film, this is the role of film of keep the outside world can invade and the corrosion of the stainless steel substrate oxygen. In order to be able to make a powerful chrome protective film, the chemical composition of the 304 stainless steel pipe must be added to the chromium element above 12%, so as to maintain the natural corrosion resistance of the stainless steel. Source: China Stainless Steel Pipe Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

Stainless steel angle bar is a commonly used carbon structural steel in the construction area. It is a relatively simple section profile stainless steel. The most common use is to make metal components and architectural frames. There are several main requirements for the use of stainless steel angle bar, which are good plastic deformation, welding property and certain mechanical strength. The finished product stainless steel Angle is usually hot rolled, positive or hot rolled. At present, the most commonly used area of stainless steel angle bar is building materials, household tools and precision instruments, transportation machinery, complete machinery, etc. The building materials are made of stainless steel angle bar In the building material domain, stainless steel bolt, door knob, twisted chain and other hardware appliances are very common, and there are all kinds of decorative materials for the building. As the use of stainless steel in this area is increasing rapidly, more and more popularize the roof materials of large and medium-sized buildings such as exhibition venues, gymnasiums and airport terminals. These stainless steel plates are more popular because of the anti-glare after the surface processing, and the new stainless steel products that improve anti-rust performance are also commoditized. On the large roof, the Cr series sheet (NSSC220M: 22Cr – 1.5 Mo – Nb, ti-lc, N), which is required to have a small thermal expansion coefficient and excellent corrosion resistance, has been applied to various buildings such as Tokyo international exhibition hall. In places such as Okinawa, where salt has been severely damaged, superstainless steel (NSSC270:20cr-18ni-6mo -0.2n-lc), which has been further enhanced, will be used as the roof of the dam. This steel, even in the tidal current of contact with seawater, has excellent corrosion resistance, so it has been used in the corrosion protection of the lower part of the coast pier. Because 304 stainless steel and austenite stainless steel toughness and good weldability, in make full use of the beautiful and easy processing characteristics at the same time, as structural material have already been used for main hall of the building, curtain wall, etc; Civil structures such as DAMS, Bridges, paint maintenance difficult position also USES the stainless steel, and also used for high yield strength design of duplex stainless steel and contains no Ni but can reduce the cost of Cr series stainless steel. In addition, the stainless steel bars (NSSD: 12cr-lc, etc.) are included in the JIS specification as the guideline for design and construction. This is not only to improve the aesthetic and easy to process, but also to reduce the cost of life cycle of structural materials including maintenance. In summary, it is very suitable to use the stainless steel angle bar as the structural material. Home appliance, precision instrument field Since the stainless steel angle bar has excellent corrosion resistance and metallic color in the life water, so stainless steel spoons, knives, dishes and other kitchen, table utensils are widely accepted. It is also extended to home appliances and sink, water heater tank, piping, and other decorative materials, such as dishwashers and refrigerators, because of its beautiful and easy processing characteristics. In the external installation, while the stainless steel plate is uniformly fine grinding, it can also be coated with transparent paint, which makes it difficult to attach fingerprints and easily wipe off food stains. In the field of precision instruments, stainless steel Angle can be used as internal components such as axles, bolts, springs and other internal components. Transport machinery field As the use of stainless steel in vehicle exhaust components increases, so does the demand for this. In order to ensure the corrosion resistance of the engine and the heat resistance of the high temperature exhaust gas, the exhaust pipe, the exhaust manifold and the catalytic components have been used in the Cr series stainless steel. According to the different parts of the vehicle and use, SUH409L (llcr-ti-lc), SUS429 (15Cr – nb-lc), SUS436L (17cr-ti-lc) and SUS444 series (19cr-2mo -nb-lc) are used respectively. The other models use the NSSC180, metal seal gasket and the SUS301L (17cr-71n1 – LC) and the two-wheel disc brake using SUS410 steel. In the area of railway, the stainless steel of commuter vehicles is the stainless steel plate which is mainly used to improve the strength of 301L. And because of the need to make a vehicle, the uniformity of surface processing of stainless steel plates is also important. Industry complete equipment field Stainless steel is used to make chemical equipment, transport containers, paper making machinery, etc. At present, it is widely used as the raw material of beer, soy sauce tank, beverage and other production equipment. The energy generation equipment, reprocessing equipment, environmental protection equipment and other exhaust gas desulfurization devices all use stainless steel angle bar. Source: China Angle Bar Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

How to buy stainless steel angle bar when can choose the quality product? In many cases, the stainless steel angle bar cannot be easily identified.This article is to say a few tricks, in order to be able to quickly and easily distinguish inferior stainless steel angle bar when buying. The stainless steel angle bar is being selected 1. Poor quality stainless steel angle bar is easy to fold The so-called stainless steel angle bar of the fold, is in the stainless steel plate has many fold line, usually this defect runs through the longitudinal of the whole steel.Is the cause of collapse because of the fake products in the process of production of excessive pursuit of efficiency, the line is prone to fold when rolling, this kind of inferior folding line can lead to stainless steel angle bar bending after easy craze, will greatly reduce the strength of the stainless steel. 2. Inferior stainless steel angle bar often has the surface phenomenon The reason for the surface defect of stainless steel angle bar is that when the rolling groove of stainless steel angle bar is worn badly, the surface of the angle bar will be uneven and uneven.Due to the excessive pursuit of profit by the fake steel producers, there will often be the phenomenon of excess rolling in the groove.So when you buy stainless steel angle bar you need to look carefully at the surface. 3. Inferior stainless steel angle bar is easy to scratch Because some manufacturer production equipment is simple, sometimes produce burr, easy to scratch stainless steel angle bar surface, once the scratch depth reaches a certain degree, will significantly influence the strength of the stainless steel bar.There is also a very prominent feature is that bad there is no metallic luster of the surface of the stainless steel angle bar, this is due to the angle bar in the production of stainless steel billet is adobe, plus rolling temperature rarely, so there is no way to carried out in accordance with the provisions of rolling processing, so this kind of stainless steel angle bar performance is not enough to amount to mark. Looking at the above methods, is there some understanding of how to quickly distinguish inferior stainless steel angle bar?As long as you choose stainless steel angle bar to use these methods, you can buy the stainless steel angle bar. Source: China Stainless Steel angle bar Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

The general process of stainless steel pipes in smelting and forging rolling, more or less some stainless steel processing problems, causes and external manifestations of many kinds of stainless steel pipes in this paper, these problems, after sorting out reference. Shrinkage Shrinkage cavity is the contraction cavity formed when the liquid steel contracts in the steel mould. Transverse crack Transverse crack is the transverse crack on the surface of steel ingot, which usually occurs on steel ingot. The depth is relatively shallow, and it can be eliminated by fine grinding. Crack A longitudinal crack occurring on the surface of a steel ingot, usually occurring in the upper and the corners of the ingot, and the cracks in the upper part are always deep and difficult to eliminate by fine grinding. To scar The scar is in metal splash ingot surface crust shape or tumor like sticky, this usually appear in the lower part of the ingot. Smoked skin On the edge of the low test piece, there is an irregular dark porosity, which is surrounded by a large number of oxide inclusions (mainly ferrous oxide). Surface inclusion Refers to the surface of the ingot embedded in the naked eye visible inclusions. Surface porosity A small hole that is visible to the surface of a steel ingot and is visible in the middle and lower part of the ingot. It is usually not deep enough to be removed by finishing. Burst Very cold ingot surface will form a crack, and the reason is called burst, because due to cracking often accompanied by sound. Rise The head of the steel ingot is irregularly raised, which is called rising, and is also called rising. Reticulate The reticular bulge on the surface of the ingot is called reticulate. Pit The pits on the surface of the ingot are called pits. Double pouring A duplicate mark visible around the ingot surface. Flash A sheet of metal on the head or tail of a ingot that is perpendicular to the surface of the ingot; called a fly. Flying wing A sheet of steel perpendicular to the surface of a ingot formed on the surface of a ingot is called a flying wing. Bubble The bubble is the defect of ingot or steel due to the degassing of molten steel, bad deoxidation, or the raw material humidity of the injection system. There are usually two kinds of bubbles, namely, the subcutaneous bubble and the internal bubble. Of course, is there a way to avoid the need to ensure that the molten steel oxidation reduction boiling furnace is good, all contact with molten steel refractory material to keep dry, such as tapping groove, steamed stuffed bun, hand, mold, the mold to rust clean, oiled to thin. White spots White is actually a slight crack, jagged crack radioactive irregular in steel specimen in times of low transverse, longitudinal macro specimen is round or ellipse of the silver star, so called white. The cause of the formation is mainly affected by hydrogen. Source: China Stainless Steel Pipes Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

The basic machining process of stainless steel pipe fittings is mainly composed of blanking, forming (welding), heat treatment, surface treatment, cutting processing, nondestructive testing, surface protection and marking. Blanking The processing materials of stainless steel pipe fittings are usually stainless steel tubes, stainless steel plates and stainless steel bars, and the material properties are determined by the material properties and the shape of the blank materials used in the products.There are different processing requirements for the shape, size and processing requirements of billets. The commonly used stainless steel pipe is used for cutting, gas cutting, plasma cutting, etc. The commonly used stainless steel sheet material is made of gas cutting, plasma cutting, punch cutting. The commonly used stainless steel rod feeding method has a sawing machine and a hacksaw machine cutting and cutting cutting. Forming (welding) Forming process is a process that must be made when any stainless steel pipe fittings is made.The final product is different, and the forming process is different, so we will briefly introduce the heating and welding in the forming process. 1, heating If the stainless steel pipe fittings is made with a hot forming method, the requirement for the deformation of the material should be met, and the blank should be heated when forming.The heating temperature is determined by the material and process. When a hot bend or a hot bend is formed, the method of heating is generally a medium or high frequency induction, and a few are heated by flame.This heating method is continuous heating with the bend or pipe forming process. The tube billet is heated in the movement and completed the forming process. The method of heating is generally used in furnace, flame heating, induction heating or electric furnace heating.The method is to heat the tube first to the desired temperature and then press it into the mould to form it. 2, welding Welding with welding of stainless steel pipe fittings, there are two, one is with the welding of pipes, for pipe fittings factory, the forming process of welded pipe and seamless pipe forming process, forming process of stainless steel pipe fittings is no welding processes;Another is done by fitting factory required for welding stainless steel pipe fittings forming process, such as single chip to suppress again after assembling welding elbow, use steel drum welding into the pipe and then to suppress the tee, etc. The welding methods of stainless steel pipe fittings are manual arc welding, gas shielded welding and automatic welding. Heat treatment The heat treatment process is an important part of the manufacturing process of stainless steel pipe fittings.After heating, insulation and cooling after heat treatment process, can eliminate the strain hardening of the pipe on the forming process, residual stress, the metal deformation defects, etc., can improve even pipe after forming metal microstructure and properties. The commonly used heat treatment equipment is the reverberatory furnace, electric furnace and so on;The usual control mode is to connect the thermocouple in the furnace to the control device of the temperature ~ time recorder. Generally, heat treatment results are tested by hardness test. Surface treatment The surface of the stainless steel pipe fittings processing method is generally sandblasting, shot blasting, polishing, pickling, etc., used to remove surface rust, scratches, etc., maintain a smooth surface, so as to meet the requirements of processing and inspection. Machining The cutting process is the process of finishing the welding end, structure dimension and shape tolerances of the stainless steel pipe fittings.Sometimes the machining also includes the inner and outer diameter of the tube.The process is usually done through special machine tools or general, if the pipe size is too big, and no ability to process the existing machine tools, processing can also use other methods, such as large diameter bend after gas cutting grinding methods.The appearance and size of stainless steel pipe fittings are inspected after machining. Nondestructive testing Nondestructive testing is an important process for inspection of defects in the machining process of materials and fittings.In addition to meet the requirements of product standards and order for nondestructive testing, some of the more stringent quality control of the factory is according to the material, processing technology and quality of internal control regulation on nondestructive testing requirements, in order to guarantee the quality of products. In the actual work, the determination of the non-destructive testing of the pipe piece shall be specified in accordance with the requirements or criteria of the order.For fitting surface basically is the original state of pipe, plate, or forging, the surface quality of pipe nondestructive testing (MT, PT), if there is no clear requirement according to Ⅱ level grade, but no matter how qualified level regulation, for sandwich and this is not easy to determine the depth of crack defect shall be considered not qualified.For the nondestructive testing of the internal quality of the tube (RT, UT,), the ultrasonic testing should be graded in class II (such as the weld inspection), and the ultrasonic testing shall be according to level I. In order to prevent the possible defects of the product during heat treatment, the final nondestructive testing of the pipe shall be carried out after heat treatment. The JB/T 4730 specification is usually used for nondestructive testing of domestic pipe fittings.Personnel engaged in nondestructive testing shall be entitled to the relevant provisions. Surface protection The surface of the stainless steel pipe fittings is generally protected by using the passivation method. If the whole surface of the stainless steel pipe fittings is machined, no passivation is needed.The main purpose of the surface protection of stainless steel pipe fittings is anticorrosion, while the appearance of the fittings is also attractive.Of course, the manufacturer will make a certain surface appearance according to the order. Mark The sign is an integral part of stainless steel pipe fittings, which is the basis of the traceability requirement.In general, product standards define the content and method of the logo.The contents of the pipe fittings generally include the manufacturer’s trademark or name, material grade, specification and other contents of the order.The method of marking includes permanent mark, such as steel seal, engraving, etching, etc.Non-permanent marker, such as print, label, etc. Of course, there are other processes besides the above normal process manufacturing process.For example, in order to control the quality of raw materials, the manufacturer shall also conduct the inspection of raw materials to ensure the accuracy of the materials.In order to meet the special requirements of materials or customers, it is necessary to test the metallographic structure and intercrystalline corrosion of the metal to ensure that the finished products can meet the customers’ requirements completely. Source: China Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

304 stainless steel pipe is a kind of high alloy steel, in all kinds of medium has good corrosion resistance, the surface appearance of this kind of stainless steel pipe is more beautiful, when used in general without plating processing, unless there is a special requirement for use. 304 stainless steel pipe As the stainless steel capillary has a strong corrosion resistance, and also contains other excellent characteristics of stainless steel, so the use is very extensive. Commonly used in industrial sensors and electronic equipment, line protection tube, electrical circuit safety protection, automatic instrument, signal tube and hollow core high voltage optical cable internal support, etc.. Characteristics of 304 stainless steel pipe In addition to the corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance of stainless steel, the flexibility of stainless steel capillary is also very good, tensile, wear-resistant and waterproof, as well as excellent electromagnetic shielding performance. Among them, the flexibility is reflected in the freedom to bend into various angles, good flexibility, axial tensile force can withstand the nominal diameter of more than 6 times. 304 stainless steel pipe production attention 1, attention should be paid to whether the annealing temperature reaches the prescribed temperature. Stainless steel heat treatment is generally accepted solid solution heat treatment, or “annealing”, the process temperature range of 1040~1120 degrees (Japanese standard). The stainless steel pipe can also be inspected in the annealing furnace. The stainless steel pipe in the annealed zone shall be in the form of incandescent without softening and sagging. 2, annealing atmosphere. The annealing atmosphere general YISHION hydrogen as stainless steel pipe, the best atmosphere purity is more than 99.99%, if the atmosphere there is another kind of inert gas, may be appropriate to reduce the purity of pure hydrogen, but not containing excess oxygen and water vapor. 3, furnace sealing. The light annealing furnace must be sealed off from the outside air and usually use hydrogen as the maintenance gas. The furnace has only one exhaust port, which is convenient for igniting hydrogen. The inspection methods of each joint crevice water wipe in the annealing furnace, observe whether the leak, leakage is one of the most easily import pipe annealing furnace is in place, the sealing ring here is very easy to wear, need regular inspection and replacement. 4. Maintain air pressure. To avoid gas leakage, bright furnace maintenance gas should maintain a certain positive pressure, and if the maintenance gas is hydrogen, generally to reach more than 20kBar. 5, the furnace can not be water vapor. One is to check the furnace body is boring in the first furnace, furnace material must be dry; the two is to check into the furnace of stainless steel pipe if there is residual water stains, there may be some holes in stainless steel pipe, then you do not have water into the bright furnace, otherwise it will cause a negative impact on stainless steel processing. Source: China Stainless Steel Pipes Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

Stainless steel welded pipe is also called the welded stainless steel pipe, usually with unit and mould will be stainless steel sheet or strip coiling molding made of stainless steel welded pipe again, after the production process of this product is simple, so the production efficiency is also good, more varieties of specifications, traditionally the use strength than seamless steel tube. But along with the progress of the technological level and production equipment, the welded pipe weld quality enhances unceasingly, has in many areas, especially in heat exchange equipment with pipe, decorative and low pressure fluid in the tube to replace the stainless steel seamless tube. Now the main production process of the mainstream stainless steel pipe is argon arc welding, high frequency welding, composite welding and so on.The advantages and disadvantages of these stainless steel processing techniques are described in detail below. Welding technology of stainless steel – argon arc welding Due to the penetration depth of molten stainless steel welded pipe requirements, do not contain oxide inclusions, heat affected zone as small as possible, and argon arc welding technology of tungsten inert gas protection good applicability, high welding quality and penetration performance is good, the process of stainless steel welded pipe is multi-purpose in chemical industry, nuclear industry and food industries. However, the shortage of argon arc welding is not high.In order to improve the welding speed, the welding method of multi-electrode multiple welding torch was developed by single electrode welding torch.In the 1970s Germany first adopted the multi-welding torch line in a straight line in the direction of the weld line, forming a long heat flow distribution, which obviously improved the welding speed.It is generally used for argon arc welding of three electrode welding torch, welding steel tube wall thickness S > 2mm, welding speed is 3-4 times higher than single welding torch, and welding quality can be improved.Argon arc welding and plasma welding can weld a larger steel tube, in addition, 5-10% of the hydrogen in argon, then high frequency pulse welding power, can also improve the welding speed.Argon arc welding is suitable for welding of austenitic and iron – rope stainless steel pipes. Stainless steel welding technology – high frequency welding High frequency welding is used in the production of carbon steel welded pipe for nearly half a century, but it is a new technology in welding stainless steel tube.Because of its better economy, it is often used in architectural decoration, household appliances and mechanical structure. High frequency welding efficiency is very good. Different materials and stainless steel tubes with thick outer walls have high welding speed.The maximum welding speed is more than 10 times of argon arc welding.Therefore, it is cost-effective to produce ordinary stainless steel welded pipes. However, because of high frequency welding speed, it is difficult to remove burr.Therefore, the high frequency welding stainless steel tube cannot be used in the industries of chemical industry and nuclear industry. In addition, high frequency welding can weld various types of austenitic stainless steel tubes.And the existing new technology can be successfully welded iron – solid stainless steel AISI409 and other steel types. Welding technology of stainless steel – combined welding technology Because of various welding methods have advantages and disadvantages, so in order to foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses, the many kinds of welding methods are combined to form a new welding technology, can achieve the requirement of stainless steel welded pipe quality and production efficiency, and this is now and the future of stainless steel welded pipe technology and its development direction. The combined welding method is: argon arc welding, plasma welding, high frequency welding and plasma welding, high frequency preheating + 3 welding torch argon arc welding, high frequency preheating + plasma + argon arc welding.Combined welding speed is very obvious.To adopt the combination of high frequency preheating welded steel pipe weld quality and conventional argon arc welding, plasma welding, the welding operation is simple, easy to implement the whole welding system automation, this combination is easy to interface with the existing high frequency welding equipment, low investment cost, profit is very good. Stainless steel tubes are also increasingly used in people’s lives as demand for stainless steel continues to grow.Even in other traditional applications of the materials, stainless steel pipe is being replaced, especially stainless steel welded pipe used in industry demand is higher, automobile, shipbuilding, construction, environmental protection, the pressure piping, mechanical components, etc., have in-depth every aspect. Source: China Stainless Welded Pipe Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

Although 316 stainless steel pipes are usually used in marine environments, the corrosion resistance of the steel and seawater is limited and can not be resistant to corrosion in all states. Which is more susceptible to local corrosion, mainly crack corrosion and point corrosion. So this limits the scope of application of 316 stainless steel tubes in marine environments. Factors that can affect the corrosion resistance of 316 stainless steel pipes in seawater are water quality, flow rate, temperature, oxygen content and cathodic protection. Of course, there are other factors, but the relationship is not, it is not within the scope of this article. The quality of sea water Marine water quality is mainly affected by the geographical and tide, which chloride content will be different. Even in slightly salty seawater, the chloride content is higher than the amount of water that poses a corrosion threat to crack corrosion. Intermittent exposure to seawater, such as tidal areas, 316 stainless steel pipe corrosion risk will be small, perhaps because the steel surface by the water level changes occur when the effective erosion of the impact. But once the chloride is concentrated in a humid and rainy environment, the risk of corrosion increases after evaporation of seawater in the splash zone. Do not let seawater contact stainless steel when it is not necessary. For example, the cross section of the 316 horizontal pipe that deals with seawater will only be subject to corrosive damage in the short term. Free drainage surfaces and avoiding cross tube movement are important for the successful use of 316 steel in areas of contact with seawater. If the piping system uses seawater for hydrostatic testing, it must be drained and rinsed immediately after the test, otherwise it will corrode 316 stainless steel pipe. Sea water flow The higher the flow rate of seawater is a better condition (usually greater than 1m / s). While the slow flow of water is likely to lead to biological pollution, and then lead to crack corrosion. So be sure to avoid seawater stagnation. Increasing the flow rate of seawater will reduce the risk of corrosion, so it is very appropriate to use 316 stainless steel tubing in areas such as pumps, such as pumps. Sea water temperature With the increase in water temperature, stainless steel crack corrosion is also more likely to produce, so stainless steel is best not to contact hot sea water. Stress corrosion cracking is usually not considered at the operating temperature of 316 stainless steel tubes, because however, higher temperatures may cause cracking and pitting. Oxygen content in seawater Oxygen can help stainless steel to maintain self-passivation, but oxygenated seawater is more corrosive. In very low oxygen content, as in about 200 meters deep in the sea, the erosion is very small, which will reduce the pitting rate of stainless steel. Cathodic protection in seawater Cathodic protection is used in electrical engineering and is obtained by contact with less inert metals including carbon steel and aluminum. Direct contact with these metals, at the expense of other metals on the basis of help to improve the 316 stainless steel tube corrosion resistance. While it is beneficial to stainless steel, it should also be considered that the combined durability of products involved in this combination may be diminished. Source: China 316 Stainless Steel Pipes Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

FLOWEXPO 2018 The 21th International Trade Fair for Valves, Pipes, Pumps & Fluid Processing Equipment May 9-11, 2018 Block C , Canton Fair Puzhou Complex,  No. 980, Xin Gang Dong Road, Guangzhou, P.R.China You are welcome to attend our FLOWEXPO! FLOWEXPO , which is International Exhibition on Valves, Pipe Fittings, Castings ,Forgings, Fluid Handling Parts & water treatment Systems , was founded in March,1997. We can attend this expo once a year at GUANGZHOU . FLOWEXPO will provide you with good favor in exploiting market and seeking commerce opportunity! We can make sure that our exhibition will achieve greater effect , both the businessman and audience this year! If you want to book our showcase ， please apply for it in advance; if you want to visit our exhibition ,you are welcome to register. Please contact with us as soon as possible. Exhibition Profile 1. Exhibition scale: estimated area of 15000 square meters, with about 300 exhibitors; 2. Number of visitors: expected 10000 people, including about 8% of overseas visitors from more than 40 countries and regions; 3 Exhibition positioning:  an international trade show offering an ideal place for suppliers and buyers to meet, negotiate business, date customers and make cooperation; 4. Exhibition honors: recognized bran trade show in Guangzhou City (subsidized by special funds of state financial department);Organizer: Guangzhou Flow Expo Co., Ltd.,  505 Lifeng Center,7 Qingnian Rood,GETDD,  Guangzhou,china Contact ：Person: Jessie  TEL :+86-20-82220077  Mobile : +86-13650651020 FAX :+86-20-62614523 E-mail : info@flowexpo.asia_ flowexpo.china@qq.com Expo Date/Time ( Visitor / Buyer ) May 9, 2018 09:30-16:30  May 10, 2018 09:30-16:30  May 11, 2018 09:30-12:00 Expo Date/Time ( Exhibtior ) Construction ( Exhibtior )  May 7, 2018（09 ： 00-17 ：00 ）  May 8, 2018 （09 ： 00-17 ：00 ） Opening hour ( Exhibtior ) May 9, 2018 （08 ： 30 – 17 ： 00 ）  May 10, 2018 （09 ： 00 – 17 ： 00 ）  May 11, 2018 （09 ： 00 – 12 ： 00 ） Dismantling ( Exhibtior ) May 11, 2018 （ 12 ： 30-17 ： 00 ） Venue / Registration locations Hall 15.1/14.1, Block C, China Import and Export Fair (Canton Fair) Pazhou Complex,  No. 980, Xin Gang Dong Road, Guangzhou, P.R.China The first stage project of China Import and Export Fair Complex covers a ground area of 430,000 square meters with the structural area of 395,000 square meters. The Complex has been in operation since the end of 2002, being the largest exhibition center in Asia. Traffic Guide How to get to Guangzhou? Guangzhou is the center city of South China and is easily accessible both from China and from overseas. More Choices for You: By Air , By Train , By Bus Flights Flights Code Departure Beijing–Guangzhou CZ3196 0830 CZ3162 1005 CZ3102 1205 CZ3104 1505 Shanghai–Guangzhou CZ3596 0825 CZ3532 1045 CZ3524 1205 CZ3538 1350 CZ3526 1645 CZ3504 1915 CZ3852 2100 Hong Kong-Guangzhou CZ302 10:10 CZ304 13:40 Los Angeles–Guangzhou CZ328(2,3,5,6,7) 2359 Osaka–Guangzhou CZ390 1450 Singapore–Guangzhou CZ352 0835 Jakarta–Guangzhou CZ388(2,4,5,7) 0720 Kuala Lumpur–Guangzhou CZ366 0820 P.S. Please refer to airlines for detailed information. Guangzhou-Kowloon Through Train Guangzhou-Kowloon Through Train is the preferred choice for business travelers. Please refer to KCRC for detailed information. (Ticket Fare: HKD180-230 Journey Time: 1.5 hours) Check Timetable of Guangzhou-Kowloon Through Train Express Coach (Hong Kong-Guangzhou ) There are express coaches everyday between Hong Kong International Airport and Guangzhou. Click here for detailed information . (Ticket Fare:HKD100-120 Time:3.5 Hours ) Getting to Guangzhou Plane Air ticket Online – Scheduled Flights – Airport Location – Airport Express Ship HK – China Routes Train Guangzhou-Kowloon Throguh Train – Schedule – Ticket Information Getting to Fair Metro Route Map of Guangzhou  Metro – Metro to Fair For the details about the Guangzhou Metro, please check this link:  http://www.gzmtr.com/en/ckfw/wyzdt/ Car Taxi – Shuttle Bus – Route Map Due to the limited source of hotel rooms,  please manage to book your hotel room in advance!  Application for Hotel reservation TEL : 0086-20-89181604 ， FAX : 0086-20-89181699  Contact: Miss Xia 0086-13580304393 E-mail: icy.xia@westin.com Hotel Information There are over 200 star-rated hotels in Guangzhou, offering a wide range of accommodation selection for different needs. Here are some of the best hotels for your reference. Name Star Distance (km)Fax Pazhou Complex Baiyun Airport ●Garden Hotel 5 12 35 020-83324534 ●China Hotel, A Marriott Hotel 5 28 30 020-86686698 ●Dong Fang Hotel 5 28 30 020-86681618 ●White Swan Hotel 5 17 40 020-81861188 ●The Phoenix City Hotel Guangzhou 5 35 70 020-82808333 ●Crowne Plaza (original Foshan Hotel) 5 30 50 0757-83322358 ●Regal Palace Hotel (Dongguan) 5 55 80 0769-85906338 Cinese Hotel (Dongguan) 5 40 80 0769-85888822 Country Garden Holiday Islands Hotel 5 85 45 020-86724442 ●Asia International Hotel 5 13 35 020-61206881 ●The Westin Hotel 5 8 40 020-28266996 ●Grand International Hotel 5 26 60 020-87542222 ●Best Western GZ Baiyun Hotel 5 15 35 020-83312500 ●Ramada Pearl Hotel GZ 4 8 35 020-87377442 ●Hotel Landmark Canton 4 15 35 020-83323459 ●Ocean Hotel 4 11 35 020-87653288 ●Riverside Hotel 4 13 35 020-83283388 China Mayors’ Tower 4 13 40 020-87551347 Globelink Hotel 4 11 40 020-83898188 ●Guangdong Victory Hotel 4 17 40 020-81219889 ●Holiday Inn City Centre 4 15 35 020-87753126 ●Panyu Hotel 4 20 65 020-84838268 Golden City Hotel (Foshan) 4 30 50 0757-83333117 Golden Bridge Hotel 4 8 35 020-87362411 Huashi (GDH) Hotel 4 6 40 020-85216355 Baihua Resort Hotel (Zengcheng) 4 60 70 020-82618018 ●Ramada Plaza Guangzhou 4 10 40 020-87205600 Pearl Garden Hotel 4 28 58 020-82226688 Jin Yuan Hotel Guangzhou 3 6 25 020-83504402 ●New Mainland Hotel 3 20 30 020-86221973 ●Guangzhou Hotel 3 15 35 020-83332000 Lido Hotel 3 15 60 020-83323411 New World Hotel 3 15 60 020-81089652 Overseas Chinese Friendship Hotel 3 6 40 020-85518992 Ying Feng Business Hotel 3 5 80 020-61209968 Guangdong Hotel 2 15 35 020-81324667 New Hua Hotel 2 15 35 020-81868809

The process of bright annealing of stainless steel aims to obtain sufficient metallographic structure by eliminating the work hardening and, on the other hand, to obtain an oxide free bright surface. Here is a detailed discussion of the role of these two aspects. 1. Excellent microstructure of stainless steel can be obtained by eliminating hardening The purpose of a bright annealing furnace is to heat the finished product of stainless steel under protective atmosphere. According to the requirements of the application performance, the requirements of the microstructure of the annealed stainless steel are different, so the processing technology of the stainless steel with bright heat treatment is different. Process of 300 austenitic stainless steel heat treatment process is a typical solution treatment, in the heating process will dissolve in austenite carbide, heated to 1050 to 1150 DEG C after appropriate heat preservation for a short period of time, can make the carbide completely dissolved in austenite, and then rapidly cooled to 350 DEG C to get under the supersaturated solid solution is uniform one-way austenite. The focus of this heat treatment stainless steel processing technology is rapid cooling, requiring cooling rate of 55 degrees /s, fast through the solid solution after precipitation of precipitation temperature zone (550~850 degrees Celsius). The heat preservation time should be as short as possible, otherwise the stainless steel grain will be coarse, which will affect the surface smoothness of stainless steel. The heating temperature of the 400 series ferritic stainless steel heat treatment is relatively low, which is about 900 DEG C, and more is obtained by annealing and softening with slow cooling. Martensitic stainless steel adopts this kind of annealing method, and also adopts subsection quenching and re – tempering heat treatment method. Seen from the above 300 series and 400 series stainless steel in heat treatment process have very big difference, so if you want to obtain the satisfactory microstructure of stainless steel, it is necessary to regulate room for the bright annealing furnace cooling equipments is large and flexible. Therefore, the excellent bright annealing furnace is usually cooled by strong convection in the cooling section, and has three cooling sections, which can adjust the air flow independently. Three sections are pided along the width direction of strip steel, and the cooling speed of strip width direction is adjusted by air flow persion. Finally, the shape of stainless steel plate is controlled. Another important aspect of the heat treatment cold rolled stainless steel strip is that the entire strip is uniformly distributed in width and length. The large size of muffle tube and muffle type bright annealing furnace, muffle tube from uniform external heating air flow organization of the spiral around over the strip, uniform heating. To ensure that the stainless steel strip along the length of the organization is uniform, it is necessary to maintain the strip in the heating furnace line speed unchanged. Therefore, the advanced vertical bright heat treatment furnace is equipped with adjustable roller tension adjusting device both front and rear. The device not only to strip the import and export of heat treatment speed to meet the speed requirements, should not affect the amount of empty or full sets of sets of sets, and also according to the situation of stainless steel strip plate is established and precision adjustment strip small tension, so as to achieve the demand of stainless steel plate. 2. Make the stainless steel band get the bright surface without oxidation Generally, bright annealing is the heat treatment of stainless steel strip under H2 protective atmosphere. And stainless steel processing technology to meet the requirements of BA panels, we must strictly control the bright furnace protection atmosphere, purity, shall avoid oxidation. And what about the oxidation under the protective atmosphere of H2? Because of the chemical composition of stainless steel belt mainly iron, chromium, nickel, manganese, titanium, silicon and so on. In the range of annealing temperature, the oxidation of iron and nickel is not important, but the oxidation temperature range of chromium, manganese, silicon and titanium is just in the range of heating temperature. So, their oxidation affects the surface brightness of stainless steel strip. In particular, chromium oxidation causes stainless steel strip surface chrome removal, thereby reducing corrosion resistance of stainless steel. When the chromium content in the stainless steel band is 17% ~ 18% and the content of Ti element is 0.5%, the H2 dew point must be less than 60 DEG C in order to avoid chromium and titanium, and the oxidation occurs at the temperature range of 800C to 1150 DEG C. In addition, we must pay attention to how to maintain the protection of the atmosphere in the furnace, the purity of the gas. In this respect, good sealing and muffle, does not occur as pollution material of electric heating furnace for the protection of the atmosphere, so as to ensure the relatively pure furnace environment. Also, the vertical furnace stainless steel strip entrance is at the bottom of the furnace, which will ensure the stability of the furnace pressure, so the risk of air intake is much smaller than the horizontal furnace. But the bright annealing furnace and the import and export of sealing box, strip steel, tension roller and the feeding roller box should ensure top guide to a few parts per million (ppM) of the sealing requirements, so that the oxygen and water vapor can not enter, gas can not leak protection. Source: China Stainless Steel Pipes Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

The production process of welded stainless steel pipe The main industry is the nominal pipe diameter of more than DN700 in the pipeline. Slotted pipe not only includes the straight pipe, and comprises a spiral weld pipe. The main specifications and production of welded stainless steel pipe with nominal diameter 700mm multiplied by the thickness of 10mm (denoted as 711×10), nominal pipe diameter 800mm multiplied by the thickness of 12mm (denoted as 813×12), multiplied by the nominal pipe diameter 900mm and 14mm thick steel plate (denoted as 914×14), multiplied by the nominal diameter 1000mm 18mm thick (expressed as 1016 x18) and other product specifications. In the production of welded stainless steel pipe, the first step is to identify the material of stainless steel plate. Determine the stainless steel pipe material and the perimeter of the steel pipe, and purchase the corresponding material, width and steel plate circumference of the same grade stainless steel plate. Enter the production site after surface inspection of steel plate according to the forming of the steel plate, steel plate or oxide scale is determined, no pits or less cellular, and less area of on-site grinding or sandblasting. Nondestructive testing followed by the end of the plate, here is generally used in penetrant inspection, is the first to end with a cleaning agent for cleaning and dry, then spray stains, wait a few minutes later, wipe the stains, spray on the imaging agent, wait a few minutes after the end of observation is there red lines to confirm whether there are defects in stainless steel plate. The steel plate is then double or single sided ultrasonic testing, and the ultrasonic wave is used to judge whether the steel plate is defective or not. The steel plate after the test is finished, the second step is the first rolling, rolling machine press select the corresponding arc, and then put into the steel plate rolling machine under rolling, the stainless steel plate rolled into a cylindrical slowly. Followed by third steps of pre welding, pre welding, if the machine is submerged arc welding, but also must be welded at both ends of the pipe arc starting plate, and then carry out flower welding. The welding steps are pided into priming and filling and capping. After the completion of welding work, is to do NDT, for ray by RT ray of steel pipe welding, welding internal confirmation does not appear root not melting, unweld, welding slag, stratification, large quantities of gas welding defects. Then the pipeline pressure test process, in accordance with the design pressure of 1.5 times the pipe pressure test, to ensure that the pipeline under the pressure intensity, the pipeline without structural deformation, no leakage, the pressure to maintain stability. Finally, the heat treatment of the steel pipe weld, after a period of time so that the temperature between the weld to maintain a heat treatment temperature for a few minutes to half an hour, and then slowly cooling, the production of steel pipe is basically completed. The remaining tasks are the identification, spraying and corrosion protection of the pipeline. The marking contents include the name of the factory, the specification and model of the pipe, the material of the pipeline, the batch number of the pipe and the grade of anticorrosion of the pipeline. After a series of work, a plain steel plate is transformed into a pipe that can transport gases, liquids and other mediums. In order to ensure the quality of the pipeline, before leaving the factory, it is necessary to review the pipeline material, usually the same batch of pipes for spot checks, inspection of spectrum and hardness. Next, review the size of the pipe and sign on the production list to confirm the completion. Source: China Stainless Steel Pipe Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)