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Nowadays, industrial automation is becoming more and more common today, and in production, a well-made vision Sight Glass is indispensable. A stainless steel Sight Glass is a product that is installed on a pipe or device to check the work of the internal materials at any time. The stainless steel viewing Sight Glass is a visual Sight Glass made from the main material, such as 304/316/321/316l. It has high corrosion resistance and easy to process and beautiful appearance. In the meantime, the Sight Glass is made of steel boron silicate glass and polyethylene teflon gasket. It is suitable for the most severe working environment. And the service life is longer. Due to its compact structure, it is easy to install, easy to use, easy to clean and repair. It is the most commonly used type of Sight Glass. The stainless steel equipment is used in pressure vessels, chemical towers, etc., and the stainless steel pipe is used in chemical, petroleum, power and other pipelines. Source: China Sight Glass Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

The butterfly plate of the clip on butterfly valve is installed in the direction of the diameter of the pipe. In the butterfly valve body cylindrical channel, the disc shaped butterfly plate revolves around the axis, the rotation angle is 0 degrees -90 degrees between, when rotates to 90 degrees, the valve opens the card completely. The clip on butterfly valve is simple in structure, small in size and light in weight, and consists of only a few components. The utility model can be rapidly opened and closed only by rotating 90 DEG, the operation is simple, and the valve has good fluid control characteristics. When the butterfly valve is in the fully open position, the butterfly plate thickness is the only resistance when the medium passes through the valve body, so the pressure drop produced by the valve is very small, so the flow control characteristic is better. Butterfly valve with bullet sealing and metal sealing two seal type. Resilient sealing valve. The sealing ring can be mounted on the valve body or attached to the periphery of the disc. Metal sealed valves are generally longer than resilient seals, but they are difficult to seal completely. The metal seal can adapt to higher working temperature, and the elastic seal has the limitation of temperature. If the butterfly valve is used as a flow control, the main thing is to correctly select the size and type of valve. Butterfly valve structure and principle, especially suitable for making large-diameter valves. Butterfly valves are not only widely used in petroleum, gas, chemical, water treatment and other general industries, but also applied to the cooling water system of thermal power stations. This kind of valve should be installed horizontally in the pipeline. There are two kinds of butterfly valves commonly used: clip type butterfly valve and flanged butterfly valve. The clip type butterfly valve is connected with the two pipe flange with a stud bolt. The flange type butterfly valve is provided with a flange on the valve, and bolts are used to connect the flanges at the ends of the valve to the pipe flange. Source: China Butterfly Valves Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

The brightness of the stainless steel pipe after annealing determines the quality of the product. There are also many influencing factors, and five important factors are listed for reference. 1. Whether the annealing temperature reaches the specified temperature. Stainless steel heat treatment are generally take the solid solution heat treatment, also is the people of the so-called “annealing” usually, temperature range is 1040 ~ 1120 ℃(Japan standard). The stainless steel pipe in the annealing zone should be incandescent, but it does not appear to soften and droop. 2. Annealing atmosphere. Pure hydrogen gas is usually used as the annealing atmosphere, atmosphere best is more than 99.99% purity, if the other part is an inert gas atmosphere, can also lower purity, but absolutely can’t have too much oxygen and water vapor. 3. Furnace sealing. The bright annealing furnace should be enclosed and isolated from the outside air. Only one vent is made of hydrogen gas, which is used to ignite the hydrogen gas. 4. Protect air pressure. In order to prevent microleakage, the protection of gas in the furnace should maintain a certain positive pressure. If it is hydrogen gas, it is usually required above 20kBar. 5. Water vapor in the furnace. On the one hand, it is necessary to check whether the furnace material is dry. Second, the stainless steel pipe of the furnace is still too much water stained. If there is a hole in it, don’t leak it, otherwise it will destroy the atmosphere of the stove. Problem supplement: Whether the annealing temperature reaches the specified temperature. Stainless steel heat treatment are generally take the solid solution heat treatment, also is the people of the so-called “annealing” usually, temperature range is 1040 ~ 1120 ℃(Japan standard). The stainless steel pipe in the annealing zone should be incandescent, but it does not appear to soften and droop. Source: China Stainless Steel Pipe Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

The stainless steel butterfly valve, as a kind of component used to realize the flow control and flow control of pipeline system, has been widely used in petroleum, chemical, metallurgy, hydropower and other fields. In the already known butterfly valve technology, its sealing form is mostly sealed, the sealing material is rubber, ptfe and so on. Categorize in structural form (1) center seal butterfly valve (2) the single-eccentric seal coal valve Double eccentric seal butterfly valve (4) three eccentric seal stamping valve 2. Classified according to the sealing surface material (1) soft seal butterfly valve. 1) the seal is composed of non-metallic soft materials for non-metallic soft materials. 2) the seal is composed of metal hard material for non-metallic soft materials. (2) metal hard seal butterfly valve. The seal is made of metal hard material. 3. Classified by seal (1) force seal butterfly valve 1) resilient sealing butterfly valve. The sealing ratio is produced when the valve is closed and the valve plate squeezes the seat, the seat or the disc of the disc 2) plus torque sealing butterfly valve. The sealing ratio is generated by the torque on the valve shaft (2) pressure sealing butterfly valve. The seal pressure is generated by the pressure of the sealing element on the seat or valve plate (3) automatic seal butterfly valve. Seal ratio pressure is automatically generated by media pressure. 4. Classified according to work pressure (1) vacuum butterfly valve. Work pressure is lower than the butterfly valve of the atmospheric calendar. (2) low pressure butterfly valve. Nominal pressure PN < 1.6 MPa butterfly valve. (3) medium pressure butterfly valve. Nominal pressure PN is 2.5-6.4 MPa butterfly valve. (4) high pressure disc valve. The nominal pressure PN is 10. 0 — 80.0 MPa butterfly valve. (5) ultra high pressure butterfly valve. Nominal pressure PN > 100MPa butterfly valve. 5. Classified according to work temperature (1) high temperature butterfly valve. T > 450 C butterfly valve (2) medium temperature disc valve. 120 C < t < 450 C butterfly valve (3) room temperature butterfly valve. 1 40C < t <; 120 C butterfly valve (4) low temperature butterfly valve. A 100 < t < 1 40 C butterfly valve (E) ultra-low temperature butterfly valve. T < 100 C butterfly valve 6. Classification by way of connection (1) the clamp butterfly valve (2) flange butterfly valve (3) ear butterfly valve (4) welding butterfly valve Source: China Butterfly Valves Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

In recent years, as manufacturers have become increasingly concerned about environmental issues, car manufacturers are under increasing pressure to improve fuel efficiency. Stricter, more restrictive regulations bring technical challenges to industrial production and material processing. These trends include reducing emissions from emissions, lighter body, and extended service life. Progress in the processing of materials has created a unique opportunity for the production of stainless steel pipe. Specifically, manufacturers are required to produce such parts, which must have lighter weight, but still have anti-corrosion characteristics and meet the strength requirements. In addition, the spatial limitations of the body more emphasis on the importance of formability. Typical applications include exhaust pipes, fuel pipes, fuel injectors and other components. In the production of stainless steel pipe, the first forming a flat steel, and then make its shape into a round pipe. Once formed, the pipe joints must be welded together. This weld greatly affects the formability of the part. Therefore, it is extremely important to choose the right welding technology to obtain a welded profile that meets the rigorous testing requirements of the manufacturing industry. There is no doubt that tungsten gas arc welding (GTAW), high frequency (HF) welding, and laser welding have been used in the manufacture of stainless steel pipes. High frequency induction welding In high frequency contact welding and high frequency induction welding, the equipment that provides current and the equipment that provides the squeezing force are independent of each other. In addition, both methods can use a magnet bar, which is a soft magnetic element, which is placed inside the pipe body, which helps to converge the weld flow at the edge of the strip. In both cases, the strip is cut and cleaned, rolled up, and then sent to the weld. In addition, the coolant is used to cool the induction coil used in the heating process. Finally, some coolant will be used for the extrusion process. Here, a great force is applied to the squeeze pulley to avoid perforation in the weld area; however, the use of a greater squeeze will result in an increase in burrs (or beads). Therefore, specially designed tools are used to remove the burrs inside and outside the pipe. One of the main advantages of the high frequency welding process is that it can process high speed steel pipes. However, in most cases of solid forging, it is typical that high-frequency solder joints are not easily tested reliably using conventional non-destructive techniques (NDT). The weld cracks may occur in flat areas at low-strength connections, which can not be detected using conventional methods and may lack reliability in some demanding automotive applications. Source: China Stainless Steel Pipe Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

China’s stainless steel pipe production after nearly 50 years of development, especially in the past 30 years, whether it is stainless steel seamless pipe or pipe production technology has made great progress, yield, quality and variety of increasing and improving the quality of a small number of products Reached the international advanced level: but compared with the international advanced level, China’s stainless steel pipe plant in the process technology, equipment level, product quality and so there is a big gap, the need for technological transformation and improvement to meet the national economic development Claim. One: the world stainless steel pipe production technology development trend 2.1 “three-step” steelmaking and continuous casting process The use of “three-step” steelmaking and continuous casting production of stainless steel tube blank process, in order to improve the quality of stainless steel tube, to reduce the cost to create the conditions. Some of the world’s major stainless steel plant in the “two-step” on the basis of research and use of the “three-step” smelting stainless steel new technology. At present, most of Japan’s professional stainless steel plants have adopted a “three-step” production process. MANNESSMAN METRO METRO TECHNOLOGIES has developed a process specifically designed for “three-step” technology, which includes an ultra-high-power electric furnace, a MRP-L converter and a VOD unit. The process uses electric furnace melting, MRP-L converter oxygen gun rapid decarburization, VOD vacuum furnace final deep decarburization. The basic starting point of this process is the combination of the advantages of the two processes of AOD and VOD, and overcomes the shortcomings of AOD’s argon and refractory materials and the long processing time to achieve low consumption, shorten the time and reduce costs purpose. Of course, EAF AOD “two-step” smelting stainless steel is also feasible, the current world more than 60% of stainless steel is “two-step” process production. Foreign stainless steel tube has been basically continuous casting caster to vertical and arc-based, but also the use of horizontal caster. Stainless steel continuous casting billet Compared with the traditional ingot-billet, the metal yield increased by 10% ~ 15%, the quality of the tube is better, and the energy saving and the production cost are reduced. Stainless steel in the process of continuous casting some of the alloy elements easily oxidized, easy to produce oxide inclusions; In addition, the viscosity of molten steel, it is easy to cause nozzle clogging. As the solidification of stainless steel is more complex, the thermal conductivity of molten steel is poor, the slab is easy to produce cracks, so the cooling and drawing speed requirements are more stringent, take the tundish heating, no oxidation protection casting, electromagnetic stirring, liquid level control And a series of new technologies, so that greatly improve the quality of slab, so that some difficult to cast steel, such as titanium, stainless steel, single-phase austenitic stainless steel and martensitic stainless steel can be successfully cast, expanded stainless steel continuous casting of steel Species. 2.2 hot extrusion process Hot extrusion process is the world’s current hot-processing stainless steel seamless pipe of the main production process. With the development of technology, some types of hot-rolled stainless steel pipe units can produce stainless steel pipe, but the extrusion unit is the world’s main production unit of stainless steel seamless pipe. At present, the world has more than 60 sets of extrusion units, with the exception of a few for the profile extrusion, 70% of the units used in the production of stainless steel, the main varieties are stainless steel tube. Extrusion and rolling (vertical rolling, inclined rolling) production method compared to the extrusion method is characterized by metal deformation process to withstand three-way compressive stress. In this optimum stress state, the stainless steel tube with large deformation resistance can obtain better inner and outer surface quality and microstructure. Due to the improvement of the vertical hydraulic perforation process equipment, the thickness of the wall after the extrusion can be 5% to 7%. Extrusion machine tool and die easy to manufacture and replace, suitable for the production of small quantities, multi-standard stainless steel tube. Extrusion unit can also produce a wide range of stainless steel tube, a set of 50MN extrusion unit can produce @ 25-254mm stainless steel tube, the market demand is much higher than other rolling methods. The use of extrusion method to produce stainless steel tube has the outstanding advantages of direct use of continuous casting billet as raw materials, product quality and stability, the replacement of flexible varieties, can directly produce hot extrusion finished product tube, can also produce all kinds of profiled stainless steel tube. It is clear that the production of finished pipes by extrusion and the provision of wastes for cold work are a more economical method widely used in the production of hot-worked stainless steel tubes abroad, with the adoption of high-speed, automated, large tonnage extruders, and Glass lubricants, no oxidation heating, high strength and high toughness hot molds and other related technologies, the use of hot extrusion production of stainless steel seamless stainless steel tube, in particular the production of difficult to deformation of stainless steel, high alloy stainless steel pipe has been rapid development of. With a single two-roll inclined rolling for the cold processing to provide the method of waste pipe material, foreign has been basically not used. 2.3 cold-processing to cold-based, cold drawn for the auxiliary Cold-processed stainless steel pipe tends to adopt cold-rolled, cold-drawn auxiliary production technology, cold rolling mill, cold drawing machine to high-speed, high precision, long stroke, multi-line direction. 50% to 80% of stainless steel pipe is finished by cold processing. Therefore, the development of cold processing technology equipment to give more attention. Cold processing technology basically three, namely cold drawing process, cold rolling process, cold rolling a cold drawing joint process. Stainless steel tube cold processing Most of the use of cold-rolled cold-drawn joint process, and cold-based, cold drawn auxiliary processing methods. Modern cold rolling mill can achieve large diameter reduction and large reduction in the amount of rolling deformation of 80% in the cold rolling mill to complete. Using cold-rolled fixed wall, supplemented by cold-drawn to change the specifications and control the outer diameter, to meet the requirements of different varieties and specifications. The advantages of stainless steel tube are good quality, cold-rolled stainless steel pipe wall thickness and surface quality is high, Mouth, straightening and other processes, saving energy and reducing metal consumption; can be used to produce large-scale production of small diameter stainless steel tube, to simplify the type of raw materials specifications. At present, the world cold rolling, cold drawing technology and equipment level has been greatly developed. Cold rolling mill is high-speed, long stroke, ring larvae L-type, high-precision direction of development, this mill is characterized by: 1. inertial force and inertia torque vertical balance mechanism, rolling mill rounds increased; The length of the rolling deformation zone is 70% longer than that of the short stroke mill, and the uniformity of the rolling deformation is increased and the feed volume is increased. 2.The length of the raw material of the long pipe can be increased to 12 ~ 15m, Utilization rate, rolling effective utilization factor of up to 80% or more; 3. using curved core rod and the best parabolic hole type, metal deformation is reasonable, long life and long mold characteristics of the cold rolling mill production capacity and product precision greatly improve the production of stainless steel Tube cold drawn tube machine structure is still based on chain cold drawing machine, there are a small number of hydraulic machine. Multi-line, high-speed, fully automatic development of the current cold-drawn machine direction. 2.4 a variety of welding technology The progress of welding technology has accelerated the development of stainless steel pipe production, and the application of various welding methods has further improved the welding quality and productivity. At present, the industrial application of stainless steel welding methods are TIG (TIG), high frequency welding, plasma welding and laser welding. Several welding methods have their own characteristics, the most is the use of argon arc welding and high frequency welding: 2.4.1 TIG welding Stainless steel welded pipe requirements penetration penetration, no oxide inclusions, heat affected area as small as possible, tungsten inert gas protection of the TIG welding has good adaptability, high welding quality, good penetration performance, its products in the chemical , Nuclear industry and food and other industrial areas have been widely used welding speed is not high is the shortcomings of argon arc welding, in order to improve the welding speed, foreign research and development of a variety of methods. Among them, the single electrode single torch to the development of multi-electrode multi-torch, the welding method has been applied in the production. In the 1970s, Germany first used a multi-torch torch along the weld direction to form a long heat flow distribution, the welding speed increased significantly. General use of three electrode torch welding, welding stainless steel pipe wall thickness s ≥ 2ram, welding speed than the single torch to improve 3 to 4 times the welding quality has also been improved. TIG welding and plasma welding can be welded to a larger wall thickness of stainless steel tube. In addition, the use of argon in the use of 5% to 10% of the hydrogen, and then use high-frequency pulse welding power, but also improve the welding speed. Multi-torch welding is suitable for the welding of austenitic and ferritic stainless steel tubes. 2.4.2 high frequency welding High-frequency welding for carbon steel pipe production has been 50 years of history, but for welding stainless steel pipe is indeed a newer technology. Its production economy, so that its products more widely used in architectural decoration, household appliances and mechanical structure and other fields. High-frequency welding with a large power supply, the different materials, caliber and wall thickness of the stainless steel pipe can achieve a higher welding speed (higher than the maximum welding speed of welding more than l0 times). Therefore, the high-frequency welding production of general-purpose stainless steel pipe with high productivity because of high-frequency welding speed, to the pipe to remove the burrs difficult, which is currently high-frequency welded stainless steel tube is not for chemical, nuclear industry accepted One of the reasons. From the welding material, high-frequency welding can be welded all kinds of austenitic stainless steel tube. At the same time, the development of new steel and the progress of forming welding methods, ferritic stainless steel AISI 409 and other steel can also be successfully welded. Source: China Stainless Steel Pipe Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

The installation method of stainless steel pipe is basically the same as plain carbon steel, and it has the following technological requirements in some process. 1. The hoisting of stainless steel pipe shall not be in direct contact with other metals, and shall be added with planks or rubber plates and other non-metallic materials. 2 pipe cutting shall not be cut with ordinary grinding wheel. It shall be made of stainless steel special grinding wheel or plasma cutting. 3 stainless steel pipe and fittings shall be protected by argon during position welding. The arc must be filled in the arc crater. The arc must be finished within the groove, and the arc and arc of the pipe and the pipe are forbidden. If the arc and arc are found, the holes and cracks should be cleaned in time. 5 stainless steel pipe, pipe fittings and stainless steel pipes, pipe fittings and stainless steel pipes, pipe fittings connection, before backing welding butt joint welding pipe and cavity should be filled with argon gas protection, to tungsten argon arc welding. The arc and arc of the six multi – channel welding shall be staggered. 7 continuous welding stainless steel material, its interlayer temperature less than 60 ℃. The welded seam of the stainless steel pipe shall be treated with acid and passivation after welding. The water pressure test of stainless steel pipe has certain requirements for water temperature and water quality. The chloride content in water should not be greater than 25Pmm. Source: China Stainless Steel Pipe Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

1, the yield strength of duplex stainless steel is twice as high as that of austenitic stainless steel, and the deformation amount should be smaller than that of austenite stainless steel. The proper speed and feed rate must be selected when cold rolling, so as to minimize the uneven longitudinal wall thickness and roll off. When drawing cold steel, the surface reduction rate of steel pipe should not be too large. The middle pipe and finished softening heat treatment using continuous roller hearth type heating furnace. 2 duplex stainless steel (water cooling device with exit), prohibited the use of electric contact heating, which is not easy to control the temperature and the heating rate is very fast, easy temperature, ferrite phase number exceed the standard, especially in thin wall pipe rolling. Once the control is not good, easy to produce bamboo like uneven wall thickness, while the wall thickness is not mean little (less than 0.1mm). In electric contact heating, thin wall parts rapid warming, cause local overheating, the amount of ferrite increases greatly, and even the emergence of single-phase coarse grain ferrite, reduced corrosion resistance, then pickling, this part will produce local pickling, make steel scrap. 3, the solution treatment of duplex stainless steel pipe is critical, not only to eliminate the residual stress of duplex stainless steel pipe cold processing, but also to ensure the appropriate two-phase proportion and the surface quality of duplex stainless steel pipe. When heating treatment, it is necessary to pay attention to the uniformity of the material temperature and sufficient holding time, so as to avoid the high residual stress on the surface of the steel pipe caused by insufficient solution and lead to stress corrosion in some medium. 4. For duplex stainless steel pipes that are mainly used for stress corrosion resistance, solid solution pickling is required for delivery. When the steel pipe surface is distributed with small cracks and folding defects, the duplex stainless steel pipe after grinding needs to be re dissolved and pickled, and then delivered. The tangential stress in the residual stresses produced by grinding is the main stress to produce SCC damage. Source: China Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

1, with excellent follow: as the bellows seal itself completely closed structure, the structure eliminates the common spring seal must have in static ring and the shaft sleeve (or shaft) of the dynamic sealing ring, so that the elastic corrugated pipe is used to form sufficient pressure (and common seal the seal rings there, in the ring sleeve relative displacement requires a partial balance of force. The friction force between the sealing ring and the sleeve (or shaft) makes its position, the size of the balance force be limited by the processing accuracy and the heat treatment of the sealing ring, which shows its excellent following. In the process of using ordinary mechanical seal device often because of fluctuations or operation process and other aspects caused by the pump body to the phenomenon, the moving ring of the sealing ring to open the end there can not be reset, and the leakage of the mechanical seal and bellows mechanical seal, the seal failure way to eliminate the structure. The pump body is almost not affected by the time, shows its compensation and good, in the light hydrocarbon pump evacuable, decompression tower bottom pump in the outstanding performance, this feature is bellows seal to one of the important reasons of the popularization and application. 2, high temperature resistance as the bellows seal ring off effect of ordinary spring seal sealing ring in the medium temperature and suitable is greatly expanded. The ordinary mechanical seal ring seal material with PTFE rubber and other organic compounds, these organic compounds in some medium, with medium body to produce chemical reaction at low temperature and high temperature conditions, will change its physical properties, have hardened sealing failure, bellows seal without the above factors limit tube, usually applies to benzene, ketones, olefins, alkanes and general oil, acid, alkali and salt and other media, but also by the temperature range – 250 degrees – 450 degrees, of course, this is also the need for strict selection of welding and heat repair of metal bellows. 3, the balance of the bellows seal compared with ordinary mechanical seal, does not need to be processed with steps in the sleeve, itself can establish the equilibrium diameter in equilibrium (usually partial equilibrium) when external corrugated pipe size parameters can be adjusted to achieve the ideal state, corrugated tube sealing machine used in general balanced type. 4, less leakage points on the moving ring and the static ring sealing points are metallic (non-metallic) gasket sealed and connected by bolts, it is difficult to find the leak, leak essentially bellows mechanical seal friction pair only the dynamic sealing point, will greatly reduce the risk, and the general mechanical seal leakage channels there are three main dynamic seal ring, sealing ring and static ring end face friction. In this leakage channel, the seal leakage is 40% of the total leakage due to the failure of the dynamic and static ring auxiliary sealing ring. 5, shock resistance and high speed of bellows seal off the rotating sealing ring can reduce the pump vibration or shock caused by the transmission shaft sealing ring ring ring caused by the vibration, the dynamic ring from big impact, usually called the floating seal. When the corrugated pipe is designed for static structure with damping device, the damper can effectively prevent the total shock generated in high speed condition with the shaft and the pump body, so the use of line speed has been greatly improved, the line speed of up to 100M/S. 6, can reduce the spring pressure in the ordinary mechanical seal spring in the process of using pressure than the general design in 0.15MPa 0.25 MPa, while the bellows seal spring pressure of the general design for the 0.05 – 0.15 MPa, bellows seal into static structure, spring pressure is obviously small. Therefore, the friction heat generated by spring pressure decreases, reducing the surface temperature, thereby reducing the amount of wear surface friction, which reduces the mechanical power, improves the sealing performance and prolongs the service life of the seal 7, can transfer torque in the ordinary mechanical seal operation, additional transfer structure must be sealed and the structure of a variety of forms, such as fork, pins, screws and the fastening to transfer torque performance, generally no extra torque can be used normally, to simplify the structure, avoid the transfer of structural failure the cause of the failure, improve the reliability of the mechanical seal, when the bellows mechanical seal working pressure exceeds the allowable torque, often in the structure increase fork structure, increase its anti torque capacity and stability, play a supporting role is widely used in high voltage and high speed sealing. 8, the design of a certain structure, can reduce the failure due to the scaling in the water seal: in many areas, due to poor water quality, scaling index is high, plus no water softening device specific and dynamic ring seal in common auxiliary seal ring for water scaling leads to the failure phenomenon of many has become a chronic problem. The bellows seal design become cold or static structure, can effectively prevent the fouling, if unreasonable structure design or improper application of bellows seal is easy to fouling, resulting in seal failure, it is recommended to use the corrugated pipe, with cooling water as cooling water for the water, so that the bellows seal work environment will be greatly improved to extend the service life. 9, remove the oil seal, cost saving in high temperature and impurity pump with ordinary mechanical seal, due to a variety of auxiliary seal ring and the friction pair of group by the limit of usage temperature tend to friction around the injection of flushing oil (oil seal), lubrication, reduce the sealing cavity temperature to establish a suitable job in various components to adapt to the environment, but because the sealing oil flushing causing huge waste of money, choose the right amount of bellows seal can not hit oil seal oil seal save a lot of funds. 10, the design of a certain structure, can reduce the sealing failure due to the scaling causes: in many areas, due to poor water quality, scaling index is high, plus no water softening device specific and dynamic ring seal in common auxiliary seal ring for water scaling failure phenomenon has become a lot of difficult the problem. The bellows seal design become cold or static structure, can effectively prevent the fouling, if unreasonable structure design or improper application of bellows seal is easy to fouling, resulting in seal failure, it is recommended to use the corrugated pipe, cooled with disposable water, preferably without circulating water as cooling water so bellows seal, working environment will be greatly improved to extend the service life. Source: China Bellows Compensator Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

Piping Materials Heat Resisting Steel 耐热钢 High Temperature Steel 高温钢 Austenitic Stainless steel 奥氏体不锈钢 Fine Grain Structural Steel 合金钢 Duxplex/ Super Duplex 双相不锈钢钢 Heat Resisting Steel 耐热钢 ASTM German Grade No. ASTM N08020 2.4660 ·  　　Alloy 20 N06022 2.4602 ·  　　Hastelloy C22 N04400 2.4360 ·  　　Monel 400 N06600 2.4816 ·  　　Alloy 600 N06625 2.4856 ·  　　Inconel 625 N08800 1.4876 ·  　　Alloy 800 N08810 1.4876 ·  　　Alloy 800 H N08811 1.4959 ·  　　Alloy 800 H/T N08825 1.4858 ·  　　Inconel 825 N10276 2.4819 ·  　　Hastelloy C276 N06059 2.4605 ·  　　Alloy 59 Such steel is generally used in applications where resistance to increased temperatures is critical. The steel is hard wearing and offers a resistance to large variations in temperature. Industrial applications include furnaces, heat exchanges and incinerators where temperatures can reach in excess of 1100℃. Characteristics include corrosive resistance, creep resistance, oxidation resistance and hydrogen brittleness – all under extremely high temperatures. High Temperature Steel 高温钢 ASME / ASTM German Grade No. A105/N/C21 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.0432 A516 Gr.70 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.0481 A182-F1 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.7365 A182-F5 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.7362 A182-F9 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.7386 A182-F11 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 – A182-F12 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.7335 A182-F22 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.7360 A182-F91 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4902 – ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4922 15/16 Mo 3 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.5415 C22.8 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.0460 A522 Grade 1 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 – High temperature austenitic steels are commonly employed in a number of applications where the temperature exceeds 550°C. Typical applications for high temperature austenitic grades: • equipment and components within the iron, steel and other metallurgical industries • engineering industry • energy conversion plants • cement industry Austenitic Stainless steel 奥氏体不锈钢 ASME / ASTM German Grade No. A182-F304 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4305 A182-F304H ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4948 A182-F304L ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4301/1.4306/1.4307 A182-F310 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4841 A182-F316 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4401 A182-F316H ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4919 A182-F316L ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4404/1.4435 A182-F316TI ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4571 A182-F317L ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4438 A182-F321 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4541 A182-F321H ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4878 A182-F347 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4550 A182-F347H ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4550 904L ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.4539 Austenitic stainless steels are acid-resistant and are suitable in: • construction  • pulp and paper • structures  • piping • water treatment applications Austenitic grades have good fabric ability, resistance to atmospheric corrosion and resistance to many organic and inorganic compounds. Fine Grain Structural Steel ASME / ASTM German Grade No. A350 LF2 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.0566 A694-F42 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.0486 A694-F46 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.0562 A694-F52 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 – A694-F56 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.8902 A694-F60 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 – A694-F65 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.8905 A694-F70 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.8907 The user of these steel grades must make sure that the calculation, design and processing methods are appropriate for the material. The welding technique used must be suitable for the intended application and comply with the state-of-the-art standards. The steel grades of this series offer excellent cold-forming properties. Cold- bordering, cold-flanging, coldbending and cold-folding are possible. Duplex / Super Duplex ASME / ASTM German Grade No. ASTM / UNS A182-F51 1.4462 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 S31803 A182-F60 1.4462 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 S32205 A182-F53 1.4410 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 S32750 A182-F55 1.4501 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 S32760 A182-F44/6Mo 1.4547 ·　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 S31254 AL-6XN Duplex grades have a ferritic-austenitic microstructure, with a phase balance of approximately 50% ferrite and 50% austenite. Duplex grades combine many of the beneficial properties of ferritic and austenitic stainless steels. The duplex microstructure contributes to the high strength and high resistance to stress corrosion cracking. Other characteristic properties of duplex grades include good abrasion and erosion resistance, good fatigue resistance, high-energy absorption and low thermal expansion.

Bellows compensator: also known as telescopic section, expansion section, mainly to ensure the safe operation of the pipeline. Working principle of ripple compensator: The main elastic components of the corrugated compensator are stainless steel bellows, which are retractable and bent to compensate for axial, horizontal and angular direction of the pipe. The effect can be: 1. Compensation absorption pipe axial, horizontal and angular heat deformation. 2. Absorb equipment vibration and reduce the influence of equipment vibration on pipeline. 3. Absorb earthquake and subsidence to the deformation of pipe. Bellows compensator is also called the expansion Joint, expansion joints, the English name for the expansion joints, Bellow expansion to be, is a kind of flexible, thin wall, a transverse corrugated device with telescopic functions, it is composed of metal bellows and artifacts. Working principle of bellows compensator is mainly USES the elastic deformation of its function, pipeline due to thermal deformation compensation, mechanical deformation and all kinds of mechanical vibration of axial, angular, lateral displacement and their combinations, the role of compensation has the pressure, sealing, corrosion resistance, temperature resistance, impact resistance, anti-vibration noise reduction function, it could reduce the pipe deformation and improve the service life of the pipeline. The compensator can be pided into non-binding bellows compensator and a binding compensator according to whether it can absorb the pressure thrust of medium pressure in the pipe. The displacement type of bellows can be pided into axial type compensator, transverse type compensator, angular type compensator and pressure balance type bellows compensator. Source: China Bellows Compensator Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)

The design, manufacture, installation and operation management of bellows compensator is composed of several parts. Therefore, reliability should also be considered in several ways. In the selection of bellows selection of materials used in the heating network, in addition to its work efficiency, but also should consider its medium, temperature and external environment, we must also take into account the stress corrosion, water treatment agent, affects the likelihood of material cleaning pipeline, and on this basis, and the corrugated pipe materials, welding. Molding, material cost and performance, pointed out that the economy of materials and production optimization of corrugated pipe. In normal circumstances, corrugated pipe material shall meet the following conditions: (1) high elastic limit, tensile strength and fatigue strength, to ensure bellows work. (2) good plasticity to facilitate the forming of bellows, and to obtain sufficient hardness and strength through subsequent processing (machining, hardening, heat treatment, etc.). (3) good corrosion resistance to meet bellows work in different environmental requirements. (4) good weldability to meet the requirements of the welding process in the production of bellows. For the channel laying heat pipe network, when the bellows in the low-lying pipe, rain or accidental sewage will be soaked, bellows compensator should be considered, such as iron more corrosion-resistant materials, selection of nickel alloy, high nickel alloy and so on. Because of the rising price of this material, corrugated tubes are fabricated, and we can consider an additional corrosion layer on the surface of wear-resistant alloys only in contact with corrosive medium. The type of bellows fatigue life and the failure cause analysis design compensation can be seen that the stability, stability and corrosion of the bellows of this aircraft are two weeks, and the offset shift is associated with the fatigue life. Too low will lead to lower stability and corrosion resistance of metal bellows fatigue life. Source: China Bellows Compensator Manufacturer – wilsonpipeline Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.wilsonpipeline.com)